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Author: Bibekanand Mallick Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128156708 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
The ‘RNA world’ hypothesis that proposed RNA molecules as the first form of genetic material was put forwarded in the late 1980s but got impetus only recently when high-throughput sequencing technologies began unearthing new types of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts in higher eukaryotes. Till then, research on ncRNAs were primarily confined to transfer RNAs and, ribosomal RNAs, which act as the messengers of the protein synthesis and allow translation of genetic information encoded by DNA into proteins. In recent years, the integration of high-throughput genomic technologies with molecular biology and omics sciences have revolutionized the fields of ncRNA research by identifying the hidden treasures of several new types of ncRNAs encoded in the genomes of several organisms and decrypting their versatile roles in gene expression and epigenetics. Among these, two small endogenous ncRNAs, namely microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that drive argonaute (AGO) family of proteins namely Ago and Piwi respectively and silence the expression of genes have geared up molecular and disease biology research in recent years. Both miRNAs and piRNAs are expressed in higher eukaryotes, including human and act as cellular rheostats by regulating the expression of significant fraction of genes encoded in the genomes. The aberrant expressions of these small ncRNAs within the cells cause various abnormalities and diseases including cancer. Manipulating their aberrant expression or function can serve as potential novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and bring in new therapeutic strategies for multiple human diseases. This can be further translated from bench-side to clinic for improving human health. This book captures the essence of the pioneering work of some of the world’s leading researchers showcasing the scientific excitements surrounding the evolving regulatory roles of miRNAs and piRNAs highlighting their potential towards the diagnosis and therapeutics of various diseases. The book is geared towards scientists, students, and will particularly appeal to active investigators in RNA biology, molecular biology, cancer research as well as clinicians and will provide them a comprehensive view of recent discoveries and research progresses to utilize miRNAs, piRNAs and their interacting proteins, Ago and Piwi for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics of diseases. Provides a unified cutting-edge resource for both miRNAs and piRNAs, two promising AGO-clade small ncRNAs, their functions and potential applications Showcase high-throughput technologies and other approaches for discovery of these small ncRNAs and their targets Unveils the diverse molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs and piRNAs regulate gene expression in animal cells Showcase recent discoveries on involvement of Argonaute and Piwi proteins in different biological processes and diseases as well as their possible use in diagnosis Report breakthroughs in the use of small ncRNAs for diagnosis and personalized therapy
Author: Bibekanand Mallick Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128156708 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
The ‘RNA world’ hypothesis that proposed RNA molecules as the first form of genetic material was put forwarded in the late 1980s but got impetus only recently when high-throughput sequencing technologies began unearthing new types of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts in higher eukaryotes. Till then, research on ncRNAs were primarily confined to transfer RNAs and, ribosomal RNAs, which act as the messengers of the protein synthesis and allow translation of genetic information encoded by DNA into proteins. In recent years, the integration of high-throughput genomic technologies with molecular biology and omics sciences have revolutionized the fields of ncRNA research by identifying the hidden treasures of several new types of ncRNAs encoded in the genomes of several organisms and decrypting their versatile roles in gene expression and epigenetics. Among these, two small endogenous ncRNAs, namely microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that drive argonaute (AGO) family of proteins namely Ago and Piwi respectively and silence the expression of genes have geared up molecular and disease biology research in recent years. Both miRNAs and piRNAs are expressed in higher eukaryotes, including human and act as cellular rheostats by regulating the expression of significant fraction of genes encoded in the genomes. The aberrant expressions of these small ncRNAs within the cells cause various abnormalities and diseases including cancer. Manipulating their aberrant expression or function can serve as potential novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and bring in new therapeutic strategies for multiple human diseases. This can be further translated from bench-side to clinic for improving human health. This book captures the essence of the pioneering work of some of the world’s leading researchers showcasing the scientific excitements surrounding the evolving regulatory roles of miRNAs and piRNAs highlighting their potential towards the diagnosis and therapeutics of various diseases. The book is geared towards scientists, students, and will particularly appeal to active investigators in RNA biology, molecular biology, cancer research as well as clinicians and will provide them a comprehensive view of recent discoveries and research progresses to utilize miRNAs, piRNAs and their interacting proteins, Ago and Piwi for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics of diseases. Provides a unified cutting-edge resource for both miRNAs and piRNAs, two promising AGO-clade small ncRNAs, their functions and potential applications Showcase high-throughput technologies and other approaches for discovery of these small ncRNAs and their targets Unveils the diverse molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs and piRNAs regulate gene expression in animal cells Showcase recent discoveries on involvement of Argonaute and Piwi proteins in different biological processes and diseases as well as their possible use in diagnosis Report breakthroughs in the use of small ncRNAs for diagnosis and personalized therapy
Author: Ana Lúcia Leitão Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319394967 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 249
Book Description
This book presents a state-of-the-art compilation of articles on the role of non-coding RNAs as pivotal molecules for establishing functional relationships between different organisms. It also describes how non-coding RNA molecules can act as dynamic communication devices and how they modulate the interaction between different kingdoms. It describes examples including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and higher organisms such as protozoa that are involved in pathogenic or symbiotic interactions, and the roles of different families of non-coding RNAs within these relationships. Each chapter provides readers molecular and functional insights, breaking down the subjacent mechanisms and exploring their functional implications and future applications. More than sixty years after the foundation of the “RNA tie club” by George Gamow, new roles for non-coding RNA molecules are starting to be revealed.
Author: Jan Barciszewski Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780306478352 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
General inspection of a role performed in the cell by RNAs allows us to distinguish three major groups of transcripts: I. protein-coding mRNAs, II. non-coding housekeeping and III. regulatory RNAs. The housekeeping RNAs include RNA classes that are generally, constitutively expressed and whose presence is required for normal function and viability of the cells. On the other hand, a group of regulatory RNAs includes RNA species that are expressed at certain stages of organism development or cell differentiation or as a response to external stimuli and can affect expression of other genes on the levels of transcription or translation. Non-coding RNA transcripts form a heterogeneous class of RNAs that can not be characterized by a single specific function. Initially, the term non-coding RNA (ncRNA) was used primarily to describe polyadenylated and a capped eukaryotic RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but lacking long open reading frames. Now, this definition can be extended to cover all RNA transcripts that do not show protein-coding capacity and is sometimes used to describe any RNA that does not encode protein, including introns. This book is an in-depth look at the function of Non-Coding RNAs and their relationship to Molecular Biology and Molecular Biology.
Author: Joanna Sztuba-Solinska Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323907008 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
Navigating Non-coding RNA: From Biogenesis to Therapeutic Application provides a concise overview of the field of non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Chapters cover the history of discoveries that have occurred in the area of ncRNA, specific types of ncRNA, housekeeping ncRNAs such as ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, small nuclear RNA and telomerase RNA, regulatory ncRNAs such as microRNA, small interfering RNA, long non-coding RNA and Y RNA. Biogenesis, structure, function, and regulation of each of these are also explored in addition to traditional and cutting-edge methods for the identification, functional characterization and structural characterization of ncRNA. The book also focuses on the different types of epitranscriptomic modifications and their involvement in regulating ncRNA structure, stability and intermolecular interactions in addition to the role of ncRNAs in a range of diseases and potential therapeutic applications. Covers a wide range of non-coding RNAs, including ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, telomerase RNA, microRNA, small interfering RNA and circular RNA Features both traditional and novel methodologies for investigating ncRNA, from microarray and conventional chemical probing to CAGE-seq and computational methods Includes chapters on ncRNAs in a range of diseases, including cancers, neurological disorders, cardiovascular conditions and infectious illnesses Discusses novel therapeutic strategies for targeting ncRNAs, including CRISP/Ca9 applications and RNAi-based strategies Explores the molecular mechanisms and intermolecular interactions of ncRNA
Author: Mathieu Rederstorff Publisher: Humana ISBN: 9781493949038 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume contains state-of-the-art methods tackling all aspects of small non-coding RNAs biology. Small Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols guides readers through customized dedicated protocols and technologies that will be of valuable help to all those willing to contribute deciphering the numerous functions of small non-coding RNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods of Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubles troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Instructive and practical, Small Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols reaches out to biochemists, cellular and molecular biologists already working in the field of RNA biology and to those just starting to study small non-coding RNAs.
Author: Boston Carter Publisher: Callisto Reference ISBN: 9781641167611 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins. They are divided into two categories, namely, housekeeping ncRNAs and regulatory ncRNAs. The main function of the ncRNAs is to maintain the normal cell functionalities. Small RNAs, ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), long ncRNAs and transfer RNAs are some types of non-coding RNAs, which are abundant and functionally significant. Numerous types of small and long non-coding RNAs are considered important regulators of gene expression in a variety of processes, which range from embryonic development to innate immunity. This promotion of gene expression is done by a special ncRNA named enhancer RNA, which is transcribed from the enhancer region of the gene. The human genome is encoded with thousands of small and long RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins. This book explores all the important aspects of regulatory non-coding RNAs. It will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers studying this topic.
Author: M.R.S. Rao Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811052034 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
This contributed volume offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of the various aspects of long non-coding RNAs and discusses their emerging significance. Written by leading experts in the field, it motivates young researchers around the globe, and offers graduate and postgraduate students fascinating insights into genes and their regulation in eukaryotes and higher organisms.
Author: Yi Feng Publisher: ISBN: 9781493933785 Category : Biomedicine Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
This volume assembles a broad spectrum of methods used in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) research, ranging from computational annotation of lncRNA genes to molecular and cellular analyses of the function of individual lncRNA. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols also discusses methods used to study circular RNAs and RNA splicing, as well as influential findings on lncRNA in human diseases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols is a must-have for molecular biologists, cell and developmental biologists, specialists who conduct disease-oriented research, and bioinformatics experts who seek a better understanding on lncRNA expression and function by computational analysis of the massive sequencing data that are rapidly accumulating in recent years.
Author: Gordon G. Carmichael Publisher: Humana Press ISBN: 9781493913701 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 181
Book Description
Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols offers a collection of methods for those interested in the discovery, localization, and functional analysis of these non-coding transcripts that have the potential and ability to orchestrate and control gene expression. After a review of the field, this detailed volume continues with methods useful for the study of siRNAs, microRNAs and their targets, techniques concerned with long non-coding RNAs, as well as studies of the critical parameters of functional non-coding RNA protein-RNA interactions and the environment in which they act. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Dependable and easy to use, Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols provides a current, state-of-the-art collection of methods and approaches that will be of value to researchers in this expanding and fascinating field.
Author: Anna Robinson Publisher: Syrawood Publishing House ISBN: 9781647403621 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Non coding RNAs (ncRNAs) consist of a large portion of poly-A tailed mature RNAs. They are single stranded molecules, which are involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a cell. There are two types of ncRNAs, which are regulatory ncRNAs and infrastructural ncRNAs. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are the four types of regulatory ncRNAs. The expression of thousands of genes is regulated through ncRNAs and this regulation can take place in either cis or trans. NcRNAs must be integrated into regulatory networks for the identification of molecular driver events. The two largest members of the ncRNA family, which includes long non coding RNA (lncRNA) and micro RNA (miRNA), play significant regulatory roles in gene expression. They are also involved in a variety of physiological processes including programmed cell death. This book unravels the recent studies on non coding RNA biology. It attempts to understand the regulation of non coding RNAs. For all those who are interested in ncRNAs, it can prove to be an essential guide.
Author: Bibekanand Mallick
Author: Bibekanand Mallick
Author: Ana Lúcia Leitão
Author: Jan Barciszewski
Author: Joanna Sztuba-Solinska
Author: Mathieu Rederstorff
Author: Boston Carter
Author: M.R.S. Rao
Author: Yi Feng
Author: Gordon G. Carmichael
Author: Anna Robinson