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Author: P.A. Allen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080526861 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
Component cognitive processes have played a critical role in the development of experimental aging research and theory in psychology as attested by articles published on this theme. However, in the last five to ten years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of articles attempting to isolate a single factor (or small subset of factors) responsible for age differences in information processing. This view of aging is frequently termed the complexity model of the generalized slowing model, the primary assumption being that age differences in cognition are due simply to a relatively larger performance decrement on the part of older adults (compared to younger adults) as task complexity increases. Because generalized complexity theorists have questioned the utility of using component cognitive processes as theoretical constructs, the editors feel it is time to restate why component cognitive processes are critical to any thorough understanding of age differences in cognition. Thus the present edited volume represents an attempt to demonstrate the utility of the process-specific approach to cognitive aging. Central to this effort are illustrations of how regression analyses may provide evidence for general slowing by maximizing explained variance while at the same time obscuring local sources of variance.The book concentrates on age differences in word and language processing, because these factors relate to reading which is a critical cognitive process used in everyday life. Furthermore, age differences in word and language processing illustrate the importance of taking component cognitive processes into consideration. The breadth of coverage of the book attests to the wide range of cognitive processes involved in word and language processing.
Author: P.A. Allen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080526861 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
Component cognitive processes have played a critical role in the development of experimental aging research and theory in psychology as attested by articles published on this theme. However, in the last five to ten years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of articles attempting to isolate a single factor (or small subset of factors) responsible for age differences in information processing. This view of aging is frequently termed the complexity model of the generalized slowing model, the primary assumption being that age differences in cognition are due simply to a relatively larger performance decrement on the part of older adults (compared to younger adults) as task complexity increases. Because generalized complexity theorists have questioned the utility of using component cognitive processes as theoretical constructs, the editors feel it is time to restate why component cognitive processes are critical to any thorough understanding of age differences in cognition. Thus the present edited volume represents an attempt to demonstrate the utility of the process-specific approach to cognitive aging. Central to this effort are illustrations of how regression analyses may provide evidence for general slowing by maximizing explained variance while at the same time obscuring local sources of variance.The book concentrates on age differences in word and language processing, because these factors relate to reading which is a critical cognitive process used in everyday life. Furthermore, age differences in word and language processing illustrate the importance of taking component cognitive processes into consideration. The breadth of coverage of the book attests to the wide range of cognitive processes involved in word and language processing.
Author: Uli H. Frauenfelder Publisher: MIT Press (MA) ISBN: 9780262560399 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
Spoken Word Recognition covers the entire range of processes involved in recognizing spoken words - both in and out of context. It brings together a number of essays dealing with important theoretical questions raised by the study of spoken word recognition - among them, how do we understand fluent speech as efficiently and effortlessly as we do? What are the mental processes and representations involved when we recognize spoken words? How do these differ from those involved in reading written words? What information is stored in our mental lexicon and how is it structured? What do linguistic and computational theories tell us about these psychological processes and representations?The multidisciplinary presentation of work by phoneticians, linguists, psychologists, and computer scientists reflects the growing interest in spoken word recognition from a number of different perspectives. It is a natural consequence of the mediating role that lexical representations and processes play in language understanding, linking sound with meaning.Following the editors' introduction, the contributions and their authors are: Acoustic-Phonetic Representation in Word Recognition (David B. Pisoni and Paul A. Luce). Phonological Parsing and Lexical Retrieval (Kenneth W. Church). Parallel Processing in Spoken Word Recognition (William D. Marslen-Wilson). A Reader's View of Listening (Dianne C. Bradley and Kenneth I. Forster). Prosodic Structure and Spoken Word Recognition (Francois Grosjean and James Paul Gee). Structure in Auditory Word Recognition (Lyn Frazier). The Mental Representation of the Meaning of Words (P. N. Johnson-Laird). Context Effects in Lexical Processing (Michael K. Tanenhaus and Margery M. Lucas).Uli H. Frauenfelder is a researcher with the Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, and Lorraine Komisarjevsky Tyler is a professor in the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Cambridge. Spoken Word Recognition is in a series that is derived from special issues of Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Science, edited by Jacques Mehler. A Bradford Book.
Author: Martin L. Albert Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0792378776 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 402
Book Description
The intersection of neurolinguistics and neuropsychology lies at the core of the cognitive neurosciences. Recent advances in our understanding of how language and other cognitive abilities relate to each other and to the brain have complemented the prior research on frank brain damage in the aphasias. The editors have invited senior scholars in the field to present a state-of-the-art volume on a range of language and non-language cognitive phenomena in normals and in brain damage from the perspective of neurobehavior, including neurochemistry. This volume should appeal to neuropsychologists, speech/language pathologists, behavioral neurologists, and neuropsychiatrists.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128171766 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 426
Book Description
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Volume 71, the latest release in the series, features empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem-solving. New to this volume are chapters covering Automating adaptive control with item-specific learning, Cognition and voting: Generalizing from the laboratory to the real-world voting booth, Protracted perceptual development of auditory pattern structure, Understanding alcohol reward in social context, Perceptual and Mnemonic Differences across Cultures, Aging, Cognitive Reserve and the Healthy Brain, Aging, context processing, and comprehension, and more. - Presents the latest information in the highly regarded Psychology of Learning and Motivation series - Provides an essential reference for researchers and academics in cognitive science - Contains information relevant to both applied concerns and basic research
Author: Jackie Guendouzi Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1136945245 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 845
Book Description
This handbook includes an overview of those areas of cognition and language processing that are relevant to the field of communication disorders, and provides examples of theoretical approaches to problems and issues in communication disorders. The first section includes a collection of chapters that outline some of the basic considerations and areas of cognition and language that underlie communication processing; a second section explains and exemplifies some of the influential theories of psycholinguistic/cognitive processing; and the third section illustrates theoretical applications to clinical populations. There is coverage of theories that have been either seminal or controversial in the research of communication disorders. Given the increasing multi-cultural workload of many practitioners working with clinical populations, chapters relating to bilingual populations are also included. The volume book provides a single interdisciplinary source where researchers and students can access information on psycholinguistic and cognitive processing theories relevant to clinical populations. A range of theories, models, and perspectives are provided. The range of topics and issues illustrate the relevance of a dynamic interaction between theoretical and applied work, and retains the complexity of psycholinguistic and cognitive theory for readers (both researchers and graduate students) whose primary interest is the field of communication disorders.
Author: Moshe Naveh-Benjamin Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1134949693 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 468
Book Description
Divided into four parts, the first section of this book deals with levels of processing and memory theory, the second addresses working memory and attention, the third deals with cognitive aging, and the last addresses neuroscience perspectives.
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0443293996 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
The Intersection of Language with Emotion, Personality, and Related Factors, Volume 80 in The Psychology of Learning and Motivation series, features empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem-solving. Chapters in this release include The landscape of emotional language processing in bilinguals, What's in an emotion word? The role of labeling in emotion regulation and well-being, Language in the eyes of emotional readers, Language, loneliness, and personality, Reading Emotion in Context: the Reciprocal Relationship between Feelings and Words, and Language and sociocultural environments influence our understanding and experience of emotions. - Presents the latest information in the highly regarded Psychology of Learning and Motivation series - Provides an essential reference for researchers and academics in cognitive science - Contains information relevant to both applied concerns and basic research
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080448941 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 6964
Book Description
The field of education has experienced extraordinary technological, societal, and institutional change in recent years, making it one of the most fascinating yet complex fields of study in social science. Unequalled in its combination of authoritative scholarship and comprehensive coverage, International Encyclopedia of Education, Third Edition succeeds two highly successful previous editions (1985, 1994) in aiming to encapsulate research in this vibrant field for the twenty-first century reader. Under development for five years, this work encompasses over 1,000 articles across 24 individual areas of coverage, and is expected to become the dominant resource in the field. Education is a multidisciplinary and international field drawing on a wide range of social sciences and humanities disciplines, and this new edition comprehensively matches this diversity. The diverse background and multidisciplinary subject coverage of the Editorial Board ensure a balanced and objective academic framework, with 1,500 contributors representing over 100 countries, capturing a complete portrait of this evolving field. A totally new work, revamped with a wholly new editorial board, structure and brand-new list of meta-sections and articles Developed by an international panel of editors and authors drawn from senior academia Web-enhanced with supplementary multimedia audio and video files, hotlinked to relevant references and sources for further study Incorporates ca. 1,350 articles, with timely coverage of such topics as technology and learning, demography and social change, globalization, and adult learning, to name a few Offers two content delivery options - print and online - the latter of which provides anytime, anywhere access for multiple users and superior search functionality via ScienceDirect, as well as multimedia content, including audio and video files
Author: Kjell Rubenson Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123814901 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
As individuals and societies try to respond to fundamental economic and social transformation, the field of adult learning and education is rapidly getting increased attention and new topics for research on adult learning have emerged. This collection of articles from the International Encyclopedia of Education 3e offers practitioners and researchers in the area of adult learning and education a comprehensive summary of main developments in the field. The 45 articles provide insight into the historical development of the field, its conceptual controversies, domains and provision, perspectives on adult learning, instruction and program planning, outcomes, relationship to economy and society and its status as a field of scholarly study and practice. - Saves researchers time in summarizing in one place what is otherwise an interdisciplinary field in cognitive psychology, personality, sociology, and education - Level of presentation focuses on critical research, leaving out the extraneous and focusing on need-to-know information - Contains contributions from top international researchers in the field - Makes MRW content affordable to individual researchers
Author: Shirley Brice Heath Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107263557 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 458
Book Description
Ways with Words, first published in 1983, is a classic study of children learning to use language at home and at school in two communities only a few miles apart in the south-eastern United States. 'Roadville' is a white working-class community of families steeped for generations in the life of textile mills; 'Trackton' is an African-American working-class community whose older generations grew up farming the land, but whose existent members work in the mills. In tracing the children's language development the author shows the deep cultural differences between the two communities, whose ways with words differ as strikingly from each other as either does from the pattern of the townspeople, the 'mainstream' blacks and whites who hold power in the schools and workplaces of the region. Employing the combined skills of ethnographer, social historian, and teacher, the author raises fundamental questions about the nature of language development, the effects of literacy on oral language habits, and the sources of communication problems in schools and workplaces.
Author: P.A. Allen
Author: P.A. Allen
Author: Uli H. Frauenfelder
Author: Martin L. Albert
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Author: Jackie Guendouzi
Author: Moshe Naveh-Benjamin
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Author: 
Author: Kjell Rubenson
Author: Shirley Brice Heath