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Author: William K. Sjostrom Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
In the early spring of 2009, I wrote an article on the federal government's bailout of American International Group, Inc. (AIG) entitled The AIG Bailout (see "http://ssrn.com/abstract=1346552" http://ssrn.com/abstract=1346552). Many events related to the bailout transpired after that article was published. Hence, this Article serves as an afterword to it, detailing some of these post-article events. In that regard, the Article picks up where Part IV of The AIG Bailout left off. It describes the further restructuring of government assistance through the recapitalization of AIG, details the governments exit as AIG's controlling shareholder, and considers U.S Department of Treasury's claim of a $22.7 billion “overall positive return” on the AIG Bailout. The Article then delves into the Maiden Lane III transactions, perhaps the most controversial part of the bailout, pursuant to which Société Générale, Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch and other AIGFP counterparties were bought out at essentially 100 cents on the dollar. Finally, the Article examines the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the principal federal regulatory response to the financial crisis, most relevant to what happened at AIG. Specifically, it considers how these regulations would have applied to AIG had they been in place prior to its collapse.
Author: William K. Sjostrom Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
In the early spring of 2009, I wrote an article on the federal government's bailout of American International Group, Inc. (AIG) entitled The AIG Bailout (see "http://ssrn.com/abstract=1346552" http://ssrn.com/abstract=1346552). Many events related to the bailout transpired after that article was published. Hence, this Article serves as an afterword to it, detailing some of these post-article events. In that regard, the Article picks up where Part IV of The AIG Bailout left off. It describes the further restructuring of government assistance through the recapitalization of AIG, details the governments exit as AIG's controlling shareholder, and considers U.S Department of Treasury's claim of a $22.7 billion “overall positive return” on the AIG Bailout. The Article then delves into the Maiden Lane III transactions, perhaps the most controversial part of the bailout, pursuant to which Société Générale, Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch and other AIGFP counterparties were bought out at essentially 100 cents on the dollar. Finally, the Article examines the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the principal federal regulatory response to the financial crisis, most relevant to what happened at AIG. Specifically, it considers how these regulations would have applied to AIG had they been in place prior to its collapse.
Author: William K. Sjostrom Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 49
Book Description
On February 28, 2008, American International Group, Inc. (AIG), the largest insurance company in the United States, announced 2007 earnings of $6.20 billion or $2.39 per share. Its stock closed that day at $50.15 per share. Less than seven months later, however, AIG was on the verge of bankruptcy and had to be rescued by the United States government through an $85 billion loan. Government aid has since grown to $182.5 billion, and AIG's stock recently traded at less than $1.00 per share.The Article explains why AIG, a company with $1 trillion in assets and $95.8 billion in shareholders' equity, suddenly collapsed. It then details the terms of the government bailout, explores why it was undertaken, and questions its necessity. Finally, the Article describes the regulatory gap exploited by AIG and offers some thoughts on regulatory reform.The Afterword for this paper is available at the following URL: lt;a href=quot;http://ssrn.com/abstract=2588871quot;gt;http://ssrn.com/abstract=2588871lt;/agt.
Author: Eric A. Posner Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 022642023X Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
The bailouts during the recent financial crisis enraged the public. They felt unfair—and counterproductive: people who take risks must be allowed to fail. If we reward firms that make irresponsible investments, costing taxpayers billions of dollars, aren’t we encouraging them to continue to act irresponsibly, setting the stage for future crises? And beyond the ethics of it was the question of whether the government even had the authority to bail out failing firms like Bear Stearns and AIG. The answer, according to Eric A. Posner, is no. The federal government freely and frequently violated the law with the bailouts—but it did so in the public interest. An understandable lack of sympathy toward Wall Street has obscured the fact that bailouts have happened throughout economic history and are unavoidable in any modern, market-based economy. And they’re actually good. Contrary to popular belief, the financial system cannot operate properly unless the government stands ready to bail out banks and other firms. During the recent crisis, Posner agues, the law didn’t give federal agencies sufficient power to rescue the financial system. The legal constraints were damaging, but harm was limited because the agencies—with a few exceptions—violated or improvised elaborate evasions of the law. Yet the agencies also abused their power. If illegal actions were what it took to advance the public interest, Posner argues, we ought to change the law, but we need to do so in a way that also prevents agencies from misusing their authority. In the aftermath of the crisis, confusion about what agencies did do, should have done, and were allowed to do, has prevented a clear and realistic assessment and may hamper our response to future crises. Taking up the common objections raised by both right and left, Posner argues that future bailouts will occur. Acknowledging that inevitability, we can and must look ahead and carefully assess our policy options before we need them.
Author: Eduardo Rodriguez Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 981127861X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 495
Book Description
In this book, the study of strategic risk is not only for its control and mitigation using analytics and digital transformation in organizations, but also it is about the strategic risks that digital transformation can bring to organizations. Strategic risk control is one of the goals in creating intelligent organizations and at the same time it is part of the appetite for creating smarter organizations to support organizations' development. Knowledge that is created by data analytics and the capacity to operationalize that knowledge through digital transformation can produce potential sustainable competitive advantages.The core of the volume is connecting data analytics and artificial intelligence, risk management and digitalization to create strategic intelligence as the capacity of adaptation that organizations need to compete and to succeed. Strategic intelligence is a symbiotic work of artificial intelligence, business intelligence and competitive intelligence. Strategic risk is represented by the probability of having variations in the performance results of the organizations that can limit their capacity to maintain sustainable competitive advantages. There is an emphasis in the book about the conversion of models that support data analytics into actions to mitigate strategic risk based on digital transformation.This book reviews the steps that organizations have taken in using technology that connects the data analytics modeling process and digital operations, such as the shift from the use of statistical learning and machine learning for data analytics to the improvement and use of new technologies. The digitalization process is a potential opportunity for organizations however the results are not necessarily good for everyone. Hence, organizations implement strategic risk control in cloud computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence and create digital networks that are connected internally and externally to deal with internal and external customers, with suppliers and buyers, and with competitors and substitutes. The new risks appear once new knowledge emerges and is in use, but at the same time the new knowledge supports the initiatives to deal with risks arising from novel ways of competing and collaborating.
Author: Guo, Shuai Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1802200568 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
This timely book offers a comprehensive study of the mechanism that gives effect to foreign bank resolution actions. In particular, it focuses on how the legal framework for the recognition of foreign bank resolution actions should be structured and proposes detailed legal principles on which effective frameworks should be based.
Author: Roger Lowenstein Publisher: Random House Trade Paperbacks ISBN: 0375758259 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
“A riveting account that reaches beyond the market landscape to say something universal about risk and triumph, about hubris and failure.”—The New York Times NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY BUSINESSWEEK In this business classic—now with a new Afterword in which the author draws parallels to the recent financial crisis—Roger Lowenstein captures the gripping roller-coaster ride of Long-Term Capital Management. Drawing on confidential internal memos and interviews with dozens of key players, Lowenstein explains not just how the fund made and lost its money but also how the personalities of Long-Term’s partners, the arrogance of their mathematical certainties, and the culture of Wall Street itself contributed to both their rise and their fall. When it was founded in 1993, Long-Term was hailed as the most impressive hedge fund in history. But after four years in which the firm dazzled Wall Street as a $100 billion moneymaking juggernaut, it suddenly suffered catastrophic losses that jeopardized not only the biggest banks on Wall Street but the stability of the financial system itself. The dramatic story of Long-Term’s fall is now a chilling harbinger of the crisis that would strike all of Wall Street, from Lehman Brothers to AIG, a decade later. In his new Afterword, Lowenstein shows that LTCM’s implosion should be seen not as a one-off drama but as a template for market meltdowns in an age of instability—and as a wake-up call that Wall Street and government alike tragically ignored. Praise for When Genius Failed “[Roger] Lowenstein has written a squalid and fascinating tale of world-class greed and, above all, hubris.”—BusinessWeek “Compelling . . . The fund was long cloaked in secrecy, making the story of its rise . . . and its ultimate destruction that much more fascinating.”—The Washington Post “Story-telling journalism at its best.”—The Economist
Author: Bethany McLean Publisher: Penguin ISBN: 1101551054 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 503
Book Description
Hailed as "the best business book of 2010" (Huffington Post), this New York Times bestseller about the 2008 financial crisis brings the devastation of the Great Recession to life. As soon as the financial crisis erupted, the finger-pointing began. Should the blame fall on Wall Street, Main Street, or Pennsylvania Avenue? On greedy traders, misguided regulators, sleazy subprime companies, cowardly legislators, or clueless home buyers? According to Bethany McLean and Joe Nocera, two of America's most acclaimed business journalists, many devils helped bring hell to the economy. All the Devils Are Here goes back several decades to weave the hidden history of the financial crisis in a way no previous book has done. It explores the motivations of everyone from famous CEOs, cabinet secretaries, and politicians to anonymous lenders, borrowers, analysts, and Wall Street traders. It delves into the powerful American mythology of homeownership. And it proves that the crisis ultimately wasn't about finance at all; it was about human nature. Just as McLean's The Smartest Guys in the Room was hailed as the best Enron book on a crowded shelf, so will All the Devils Are Here be remembered for finally making sense of the financial meltdown and its consequences.
Author: Ben Bernanke Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 0691158738 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
Collects a series of lectures the chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve gave in 2012 about the Federal Reserve and the 2008 financial crisis.
Author: Alan S. Blinder Publisher: Penguin ISBN: 1101605871 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 587
Book Description
The New York Times bestseller "Blinder's book deserves its likely place near the top of reading lists about the crisis. It is the best comprehensive history of the episode... A riveting tale." - Financial Times One of our wisest and most clear-eyed economic thinkers offers a masterful narrative of the crisis and its lessons. Many fine books on the financial crisis were first drafts of history—books written to fill the need for immediate understanding. Alan S. Blinder, esteemed Princeton professor, Wall Street Journal columnist, and former vice chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, held off, taking the time to understand the crisis and to think his way through to a truly comprehensive and coherent narrative of how the worst economic crisis in postwar American history happened, what the government did to fight it, and what we can do from here—mired as we still are in its wreckage. With bracing clarity, Blinder shows us how the U.S. financial system, which had grown far too complex for its own good—and too unregulated for the public good—experienced a perfect storm beginning in 2007. Things started unraveling when the much-chronicled housing bubble burst, but the ensuing implosion of what Blinder calls the “bond bubble” was larger and more devastating. Some people think of the financial industry as a sideshow with little relevance to the real economy—where the jobs, factories, and shops are. But finance is more like the circulatory system of the economic body: if the blood stops flowing, the body goes into cardiac arrest. When America’s financial structure crumbled, the damage proved to be not only deep, but wide. It took the crisis for the world to discover, to its horror, just how truly interconnected—and fragile—the global financial system is. Some observers argue that large global forces were the major culprits of the crisis. Blinder disagrees, arguing that the problem started in the U.S. and was pushed abroad, as complex, opaque, and overrated investment products were exported to a hungry world, which was nearly poisoned by them. The second part of the story explains how American and international government intervention kept us from a total meltdown. Many of the U.S. government’s actions, particularly the Fed’s, were previously unimaginable. And to an amazing—and certainly misunderstood—extent, they worked. The worst did not happen. Blinder offers clear-eyed answers to the questions still before us, even if some of the choices ahead are as divisive as they are unavoidable. After the Music Stopped is an essential history that we cannot afford to forget, because one thing history teaches is that it will happen again.
Author: William K. Sjostrom
Author: William K. Sjostrom
Author: William K. Sjostrom
Author: Neil Barofsky
Author: Eric A. Posner
Author: Eduardo Rodriguez
Author: Guo, Shuai
Author: Roger Lowenstein
Author: Bethany McLean
Author: Ben Bernanke
Author: Alan S. Blinder