Advancing Electromyographic Continuous Speech Recognition: Signal Preprocessing and Modeling PDF Download

Author: Wand, Michael
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN: 3731502119
Category : Electronic computers. Computer science
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Book Description
Speech is the natural medium of human communication, but audible speech can be overheard by bystanders and excludes speech-disabled people. This work presents a speech recognizer based on surface electromyography, where electric potentials of the facial muscles are captured by surface electrodes, allowing speech to be processed nonacoustically. A system which was state-of-the-art at the beginning of this book is substantially improved in terms of accuracy, flexibility, and robustness.

Author: Michael Wand
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781013282577
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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Book Description
Speech is the natural medium of human communication, but audible speech can be overheard by bystanders and excludes speech-disabled people. This work presents a speech recognizer based on surface electromyography, where electric potentials of the facial muscles are captured by surface electrodes, allowing speech to be processed nonacoustically. A system which was state-of-the-art at the beginning of this book is substantially improved in terms of accuracy, flexibility, and robustness. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Author: Chin-Hui Lee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792397069
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 548

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Book Description
Research in the field of automatic speech and speaker recognition has made a number of significant advances in the last two decades, influenced by advances in signal processing, algorithms, architectures, and hardware. These advances include: the adoption of a statistical pattern recognition paradigm; the use of the hidden Markov modeling framework to characterize both the spectral and the temporal variations in the speech signal; the use of a large set of speech utterance examples from a large population of speakers to train the hidden Markov models of some fundamental speech units; the organization of speech and language knowledge sources into a structural finite state network; and the use of dynamic, programming based heuristic search methods to find the best word sequence in the lexical network corresponding to the spoken utterance. Automatic Speech and Speaker Recognition: Advanced Topics groups together in a single volume a number of important topics on speech and speaker recognition, topics which are of fundamental importance, but not yet covered in detail in existing textbooks. Although no explicit partition is given, the book is divided into five parts: Chapters 1-2 are devoted to technology overviews; Chapters 3-12 discuss acoustic modeling of fundamental speech units and lexical modeling of words and pronunciations; Chapters 13-15 address the issues related to flexibility and robustness; Chapter 16-18 concern the theoretical and practical issues of search; Chapters 19-20 give two examples of algorithm and implementational aspects for recognition system realization. Audience: A reference book for speech researchers and graduate students interested in pursuing potential research on the topic. May also be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.

Author: Szu-Chen Stan Jou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automatic speech recognition
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Abstract: "Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a computerized speech-to-text process, in which speech is usually recorded with acoustical microphones by capturing air pressure changes. This kind of air-transmitted speech signal is prone to two kinds of problems related to noise robustness and applicability. The former means the mixing of speech signal and ambient noise usually deteriorates ASR performance. The latter means speech could be overheard easily on the air-transmission channel, and this often results in privacy loss or annoyance to other people. This thesis research solves these two problems by using channels that contact the human body without air transmission, i.e., by vibrocervigraphic and electromyographic methods. The vibrocervigraphic (VCG) method measures the throat vibration with a ceramic piezoelectric transducer contact to the skin on the neck, and the electromyographic (EMG) method measures the muscular electric potential with a set of electrodes attached to the skin where the articulatory muscles underlie. The VCG and EMG methods are inherently more robust to ambient noise, and they make it possible to recognize whispered and silent speech to improve applicability. The major contribution of this dissertation includes feature design and adaptation for optimizing features, acoustic model adaptation for adapting traditional acoustic models onto different feature spaces, and articulatory feature classification for incorporating articulatory information to improve recognition. For VCG ASR, the combination of feature transformation methods and maximum a posteriori adaptation improves the recognition accuracy even with a very small data set. On top of that, additive performance gain is achieved by applying maximum likelihood linear regression and feature space adaptation with different data granularities in order to adapt to channel variations as well as to speaker variations. For EMG ASR, we propose the Concise EMG feature that extracts representative EMG characteristics. It improves the recognition accuracy and advances the EMG ASR research from isolated word recognition to phone-based continuous speech recognition. Articulatory features are studied in both VCG and EMG ASR to analyze the systems and improve recognition accuracy. These techniques are demonstrated to be effective on both experimental evaluations and prototype applications."

Author: Nelson Morgan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Perceptrons
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Author: Jean-Claude Junqua
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461312973
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 457

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Book Description
Foreword Looking back the past 30 years. we have seen steady progress made in the area of speech science and technology. I still remember the excitement in the late seventies when Texas Instruments came up with a toy named "Speak-and-Spell" which was based on a VLSI chip containing the state-of-the-art linear prediction synthesizer. This caused a speech technology fever among the electronics industry. Particularly. applications of automatic speech recognition were rigorously attempt ed by many companies. some of which were start-ups founded just for this purpose. Unfortunately. it did not take long before they realized that automatic speech rec ognition technology was not mature enough to satisfy the need of customers. The fever gradually faded away. In the meantime. constant efforts have been made by many researchers and engi neers to improve the automatic speech recognition technology. Hardware capabilities have advanced impressively since that time. In the past few years. we have been witnessing and experiencing the advent of the "Information Revolution." What might be called the second surge of interest to com mercialize speech technology as a natural interface for man-machine communication began in much better shape than the first one. With computers much more powerful and faster. many applications look realistic this time. However. there are still tremendous practical issues to be overcome in order for speech to be truly the most natural interface between humans and machines.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Banks and banking
Languages : en
Pages : 156

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Book Description
The Minnesota Historical Society Pamphlet Collection contains pamphlets and printed ephemera relating to the history of banking, associations, etc.

Author: Alexander Waibel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080515843
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 640

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Book Description
After more than two decades of research activity, speech recognition has begun to live up to its promise as a practical technology and interest in the field is growing dramatically. Readings in Speech Recognition provides a collection of seminal papers that have influenced or redirected the field and that illustrate the central insights that have emerged over the years. The editors provide an introduction to the field, its concerns and research problems. Subsequent chapters are devoted to the main schools of thought and design philosophies that have motivated different approaches to speech recognition system design. Each chapter includes an introduction to the papers that highlights the major insights or needs that have motivated an approach to a problem and describes the commonalities and differences of that approach to others in the book.

Author: Kai-Fu Lee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780898382969
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description
Speech Recognition has a long history of being one of the difficult problems in Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science. As one goes from problem solving tasks such as puzzles and chess to perceptual tasks such as speech and vision, the problem characteristics change dramatically: knowledge poor to knowledge rich; low data rates to high data rates; slow response time (minutes to hours) to instantaneous response time. These characteristics taken together increase the computational complexity of the problem by several orders of magnitude. Further, speech provides a challenging task domain which embodies many of the requirements of intelligent behavior: operate in real time; exploit vast amounts of knowledge, tolerate errorful, unexpected unknown input; use symbols and abstractions; communicate in natural language and learn from the environment. Voice input to computers offers a number of advantages. It provides a natural, fast, hands free, eyes free, location free input medium. However, there are many as yet unsolved problems that prevent routine use of speech as an input device by non-experts. These include cost, real time response, speaker independence, robustness to variations such as noise, microphone, speech rate and loudness, and the ability to handle non-grammatical speech. Satisfactory solutions to each of these problems can be expected within the next decade. Recognition of unrestricted spontaneous continuous speech appears unsolvable at present. However, by the addition of simple constraints, such as clarification dialog to resolve ambiguity, we believe it will be possible to develop systems capable of accepting very large vocabulary continuous speechdictation.

Author: Amy Neustein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441959513
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 383

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Book Description
Two Top Industry Leaders Speak Out Judith Markowitz When Amy asked me to co-author the foreword to her new book on advances in speech recognition, I was honored. Amy’s work has always been infused with c- ative intensity, so I knew the book would be as interesting for established speech professionals as for readers new to the speech-processing industry. The fact that I would be writing the foreward with Bill Scholz made the job even more enjoyable. Bill and I have known each other since he was at UNISYS directing projects that had a profound impact on speech-recognition tools and applications. Bill Scholz The opportunity to prepare this foreword with Judith provides me with a rare oppor- nity to collaborate with a seasoned speech professional to identify numerous signi- cant contributions to the field offered by the contributors whom Amy has recruited. Judith and I have had our eyes opened by the ideas and analyses offered by this collection of authors. Speech recognition no longer needs be relegated to the ca- gory of an experimental future technology; it is here today with sufficient capability to address the most challenging of tasks. And the point-click-type approach to GUI control is no longer sufficient, especially in the context of limitations of mode- day hand held devices. Instead, VUI and GUI are being integrated into unified multimodal solutions that are maturing into the fundamental paradigm for comput- human interaction in the future.