Advanced Topics in Environmental Health and Air Pollution Case Studies PDF Download

Author: Anca Moldoveanu
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533075252
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 486

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Book Description
The book describes the effects of air pollutants, from the indoor and outdoor spaces, on the human physiology. Air pollutants can influence inflammation biomarkers, can influence the pathogenesis of chronic cough, can influence reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can induce autonomic nervous system interactions that modulate cardiac oxidative stress and cardiac electrophysiological changes, can participate in the onset and exacerbation of upper respiratory and cardio-vascular diseases, can lead to the exacerbation of asthma and allergic diseases. The book also presents how the urban environment can influence and modify the impact of various pollutants on human health.

Author: Anca Moldoveanu
Publisher: IntechOpen
ISBN: 9789533075259
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 484

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Book Description
The book describes the effects of air pollutants, from the indoor and outdoor spaces, on the human physiology. Air pollutants can influence inflammation biomarkers, can influence the pathogenesis of chronic cough, can influence reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can induce autonomic nervous system interactions that modulate cardiac oxidative stress and cardiac electrophysiological changes, can participate in the onset and exacerbation of upper respiratory and cardio-vascular diseases, can lead to the exacerbation of asthma and allergic diseases. The book also presents how the urban environment can influence and modify the impact of various pollutants on human health.

Author: Aakriti Grover
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811366713
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273

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Book Description
This book focuses on interdisciplinary issues of human health in the changing urban environments of India’s largest megacities—Delhi and Mumbai. The authors explore human health concerns related to increased temperatures and air pollution in these cities in a study based on primary data collected through interviews, as well as secondary data on causes of mortality from 2001 to 2012. During this period, the surface temperatures for both megacities were mapped using Landsat Images. The rapidly increasing populations of cities and urban centers alter ecosystem services such as water, air and land cover, with disastrous impacts on health and wellbeing, particularly in megacities. In 2015, polluted air was estimated to have been responsible for 6.4 million deaths worldwide, and it is projected that it will cause between 6 and 9 million deaths per year by 2060. In 2017, outdoor air pollution resulted in 1.2 million deaths in India and brought about a 3% loss in GDP. The increase in population, vehicles, and industries has led to changes in land use and land cover and a rise in city temperatures and air pollution, creating urban heat islands (UHIs). Together, UHIs and air pollution have damaging impacts on human health that range from stress and headache to asthma, bronchitis, and chronic diseases, and even to death. Delhi has been experiencing emergency conditions in terms of environmental health over the past two years. At the same time, both the Delhi and Mumbai urban agglomerations are growing at a rapid pace, and the United Nations has projected that they will be the second and third most populous cities in the world by 2025. In this context, the book offers significant insights into the past patterns and responses to the present global urban health emergencies, and explores sustainable means of combating the problem to enable college and university researchers to develop innovative solutions. Further. It presents trans-disciplinary research that cuts across the WHO Action Plan, the Sustainable Development Goals, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, and Habitat III to help policymakers gain a better understanding of the global challenges of urban health and wellbeing. The book is especially useful for students and researchers in geography, urban demography, urban studies, environmental studies, health sciences, and policy studies.

Author: Theodore A. Myatt
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466559004
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.Recent advances have been made on the identification of pollutants in indoor environments, the health effects associated with indoor or personal exposures, and interventions that can be implemented by occupants to mitigate exposures. The focus of this book is on exposures that occur typically, bu

Author: Natalie Sampson, PhD, MPH
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826183530
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 529

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Book Description
Environmental Health: Foundations for Public Health brings together diverse voices and perspectives to examine our most pressing public health issues today. This foundational textbook introduces readers to a wide range of the knowledge, skills, data, and resources needed to ensure environmental health at local and global levels. Whether students are heading into careers in governmental public health, research, advocacy, or other sectors, this textbook covers topics that relate to us all: climate change, energy, air, water, food, waste, and much more. Designed for graduates and advanced undergraduates, this textbook presents the field's basic concepts, related policies, and scientific tools in an accessible way. Readers learn about regulatory science, how environmental health science informs environmental protections, and where gaps remain, particularly in promoting environmental justice. Each chapter examines ways that structural racism and discrimination have shaped environmental health inequities that persist today. Readers can dig deeper to examine how environmental health and justice can be achieved in our communities, workplaces, households, and other built and social environments, as well as our healthcare systems. Drawing on countless historic and contemporary case studies, Environmental Health: Foundations for Public Health facilitates a learning experience that inspires students to reimagine the foundations of environmental health for all. Key Features: Provides a variety of learning tools, including discussion questions and learning activities, related to engagement, advocacy, and the exploration of environmental health in our daily lives Presents "In Other Words" boxes to reframe key or complex concepts and promote accessibility Humanizes the realities of pressing environmental health and justice concerns Includes access to a five-episode companion podcast series—The PFAS Chronicles—on the challenges and solutions of preventing and combating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), or "forever chemicals" Qualified instructors have access to expanded Instructor Resources featuring chapter PowerPoint slides, a Test Bank, a Sample Syllabus, and an Instructor Manual to supplement students' dynamic learning and interaction with the text

Author: Haneen Khreis
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128181230
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 650

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Book Description
Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP’s public health impacts Examines TRAP’s health effects at the population level Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects

Author: Roger D. Peng
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387781676
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 151

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Book Description
As an area of statistical application, environmental epidemiology and more speci cally, the estimation of health risk associated with the exposure to - vironmental agents, has led to the development of several statistical methods and software that can then be applied to other scienti c areas. The stat- tical analyses aimed at addressing questions in environmental epidemiology have the following characteristics. Often the signal-to-noise ratio in the data is low and the targets of inference are inherently small risks. These constraints typically lead to the development and use of more sophisticated (and pot- tially less transparent) statistical models and the integration of large hi- dimensional databases. New technologies and the widespread availability of powerful computing are also adding to the complexities of scienti c inves- gation by allowing researchers to t large numbers of models and search over many sets of variables. As the number of variables measured increases, so do the degrees of freedom for in uencing the association between a risk factor and an outcome of interest. We have written this book, in part, to describe our experiences developing and applying statistical methods for the estimation for air pollution health e ects. Our experience has convinced us that the application of modern s- tistical methodology in a reproducible manner can bring to bear subst- tial bene ts to policy-makers and scientists in this area. We believe that the methods described in this book are applicable to other areas of environmental epidemiology, particularly those areas involving spatial{temporal exposures.

Author: Jean-Philippe Barde
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 113404853X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Book Description
This is the second in a pair of economic texts commissioned by the OECD in the field of environmental economics; The Pearce Report: Blueprint for a Green Economy puts the role which monetary evaluation of environmental costs and benefits can play firmly into the public eye. This book goes further and looks at six countries where such evaluation techniques are applied and at the obstacles to their further use. The case studies, written by leading experts in each nation, show how these methods are being taken up in the UK, Norway and Italy and the ways in which they are already extensively in use in the USA, Germany and the Netherlands. The authors also describe the obstacles to their use - the lack of knowledge of environmental economics at government level; the competition from other government priorities; and, the failure of environmental groups to grasp the importance of financial evaluation to their cause. But, as this book makes clear, significant advances are being made, both in the implementation of these economic techniques and, above all, in striking and yet further developments in economic thinking.

Author: J. Barnes
Publisher: WIT Press
ISBN: 1845649648
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 467

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Book Description
Containing the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Air Pollution, this book is the latest in a well established series. It addresses various aspects of a topic that is of considerable worldwide concern due to its known impact on health and the environment. The need to balance concern for the environment with the demand for generating economic growth makes air pollution a particularly challenging problem. Further complicating the picture, the widespread nature and effects of air pollution make it an issue that requires not just local but global attention and cooperation. Science can help us identify the nature and scale of air pollution impacts. It is therefore essential in guiding government decisions regarding the most appropriate and effective regulations. As we learn ever more about the basic science of air pollution, and its application, we are better able to predict, assess, and mitigate its effects, locally, regionally, nationally, and internationally. This book presents advances in our knowledge of the science of air pollution. Topics covered include Air Pollution Modelling; Air Pollution Mitigation; Air Pollution Management; Aerosols and Particles; Emission Studies; Exposure and Health Effects; Indoor Air Pollution; Monitoring and Measuring; Case Studies; Emerging Technologies; Power Generation and Air Pollution; Incineration Plant Studies; Air Pollution Chemistry; Global and Regional Studies; Policy and Legislation.

Author: J. W. S. Longhurst
Publisher: WIT Press
ISBN: 1845647181
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 321

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Book Description
Containing papers presented at the twenty-first in a successful series of conferences on the modelling, monitoring and management of air pollution, the book Air Pollution XXI covers what has become a widespread and growing challenge to the international community. Governments face a need to balance concern over its known impacts on local and global health and the environment with improving or maintaining economic development. The key to achieving that balance is to use science to identify the nature and scale of air pollution impacts and to formulate effective policies and regulations. As our knowledge and application of the science of air pollution improves, we are better able to predict, assess and mitigate the implications air pollution has for local, regional, national and international economic systems.The papers deal in the book treat advances in a wide variety of topics, including: Air pollution modelling; Monitoring and measuring; Air quality management; Indoor air pollution; Aerosols and particles; Emission Studies; Air pollution chemistry; Source identification; Global and regional studies; Exposure and health Effects; Economics of air pollution control; Policy and legislation; Case studies; Innovative technologies.