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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
Prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy is used in a wide variety of applications for determining material compositions. High-quality photon-production data from thermal-neutron capture reactions are essential for these applications. Radiation transport codes, such as MCNP{trademark}, are often used to design detector systems, determine minimum detection thresholds, etc. These transport codes rely on evaluated nuclear databases such as ENDF (Evaluated Nuclear Data File) to provide the fundamental data used in the transport calculations. Often the photon-production data from incident neutron reactions in the evaluations are of relatively poor quality. We have compiled the best experimental data for thermal-neutron capture for the naturally occurring isotopes for elements from H through Zn as well as for {sup 70,72,73,74,76}Ge, 149Sm, {sup 155,157}Gd, 181Ta and {sup 182,183,184,186}W. This compilation has been used to update the ENDF evaluations for 1H, 4He, 9Be, 14N, 16O, 19F, Na, Mg, 27Al, 32S, S, {sup 35,37}Cl, K, Ca, 45Sc, Ti, 51V, {sup 50,52,53,54}Cr, 55Mn, {sup 54,56,57,58}Fe, {sup 58,60,61,62,64}Ni, {sup 63,65}Cu and {sup 182,183,184,186}W. In addition, the inelastic cross sections and corresponding secondary-photon distributions were updated for 16O. Complete new evaluations were submitted to ENDF for {sup 35,37}Cl. This paper will discuss the evaluation effort and the production of the MCNP data library, ACTI, based on the new evaluations. Data from the ENDF evaluations for 28−3°Si were also included in the ACTI library for completeness. The silicon evaluations were updated in 1997 and include the latest experimental data for radiative capture.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
Prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy is used in a wide variety of applications for determining material compositions. High-quality photon-production data from thermal-neutron capture reactions are essential for these applications. Radiation transport codes, such as MCNP{trademark}, are often used to design detector systems, determine minimum detection thresholds, etc. These transport codes rely on evaluated nuclear databases such as ENDF (Evaluated Nuclear Data File) to provide the fundamental data used in the transport calculations. Often the photon-production data from incident neutron reactions in the evaluations are of relatively poor quality. We have compiled the best experimental data for thermal-neutron capture for the naturally occurring isotopes for elements from H through Zn as well as for {sup 70,72,73,74,76}Ge, 149Sm, {sup 155,157}Gd, 181Ta and {sup 182,183,184,186}W. This compilation has been used to update the ENDF evaluations for 1H, 4He, 9Be, 14N, 16O, 19F, Na, Mg, 27Al, 32S, S, {sup 35,37}Cl, K, Ca, 45Sc, Ti, 51V, {sup 50,52,53,54}Cr, 55Mn, {sup 54,56,57,58}Fe, {sup 58,60,61,62,64}Ni, {sup 63,65}Cu and {sup 182,183,184,186}W. In addition, the inelastic cross sections and corresponding secondary-photon distributions were updated for 16O. Complete new evaluations were submitted to ENDF for {sup 35,37}Cl. This paper will discuss the evaluation effort and the production of the MCNP data library, ACTI, based on the new evaluations. Data from the ENDF evaluations for 28−3°Si were also included in the ACTI library for completeness. The silicon evaluations were updated in 1997 and include the latest experimental data for radiative capture.
Author: G. Molnar Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387233598 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 448
Book Description
Prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) is a unique, non-destructive nuclear analytical method with multi-element capabilities. It is most effective if intense neutron beams (especially cold beams) of nuclear reactors are used to induce the prompt gamma radiation. Based largely on the authors' pioneering research in cold neutron PGAA, the handbook describes the methodology in self-contained manner and reviews recent applications. The library of prompt gamma ray data and spectra for all natural elements is a unique aid to the practitioner. The level is understandable by a broad audience, which facilitates teaching and training. The Handbook of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis is a comprehensive handbook written for those practising the method, wanting to implement it at a reactor facility, or just looking for a powerful non-destructive method of element analysis. The book is also useful for nuclear physics, chemistry and engineering scientists, scholars and graduate students interested in neutron-induced gamma ray spectroscopy and nuclear analytical methods.
Author: Robert C. Haight Publisher: American Institute of Physics ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1158
Book Description
All papers were peer reviewed. This conference focused on the broad field of nuclear data, their production, dissemination, and testing, with the goal of providing reliable data for applications such a nuclear fission and fusion energy, accelerators, spallation neutron sources, nuclear medicine, environment, space, non-proliferation, nuclear safety, astrophysics and cosmology, and basic research.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency Publisher: IAEA ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 282
Book Description
Neutron-capture prompt-gamma activation analysis (PGAA) is particularly valuable as a non-destructive nuclear method in the measurement of elements that do not form neutron capture products with delayed gamma ray emissions. Inaccurate and incomplete data have been a significant hindrance in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of complicated capture gamma spectra by means of PGAA. This database was produced to improve the quality and quantity of required data in order to make possible the reliable application of PGAA in fields such as materials science, geology, mining, archaeology, environment, food analysis and medicine. The database provides a variety of tables for all natural elements (from H to U) including the following data: isotopic composition, thermal radiative cross-section (total and partial), Westcott g-factors, energy of the gamma rays (prompt and delayed), decay mode, half-life and branching ratios. The CD-ROM included in this publication contains the database, the retrieval system and important electronic documents related to the project.--Publisher's description.
Author: H. D. Choi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The increasing importance of Prompt Gamma-ray ActivationAnalysis (PGAA) in a broad range of applications is evident, and has beenemphasized at many meetings related to this topic (e.g., TechnicalConsultants' Meeting, Use of neutron beams for low- andmedium-fluxresearch reactors: radiography and materialscharacterizations, IAEA Vienna, 4-7 May 1993, IAEA-TECDOC-837, 1993). Furthermore, an Advisory Group Meeting (AGM) for the Coordination of theNuclear Structure and Decay Data Evaluators Network has stated that thereis a need for a complete and consistent library of cold- and thermalneutron capture gammaray and cross-section data (AGM held at Budapest,14-18 October 1996, INDC(NDS)-363); this AGM also recommended theorganization of an IAEA CRP on the subject. The International NuclearData Committee (INDC) is the primary advisory body to the IAEA NuclearData Section on their nuclear data programmes. At a biennial meeting in1997, the INDC strongly recommended that the Nuclear Data Section supportnew measurements andupdate the database on Neutron-induced PromptGamma-ray Activation Analysis (21st INDC meeting, INDC/P(97)-20). As aconsequence of the various recommendations, a CRP on "Development of aDatabase for Prompt Gamma-ray Neutron Activation Analysis (PGAA)" wasinitiated in 1999. Prior to this project, several consultants had definedthe scope, objectives and tasks, as approved subsequently by the IAEA. Each CRP participant assumed responsibility for the execution of specifictasks. The results of their and other research work were discussed andapproved by the participants in research co-ordination meetings (seeSummary reports: INDC(NDS)-411, 2000; INDC(NDS)-424, 2001; andINDC(NDS)-443, 200). PGAA is a non-destructive radioanalytical method, capable of rapid or simultaneous "in-situ" multi-element analyses acrossthe entire Periodic Table, from hydrogen to uranium. However, inaccurateand incomplete data were a significant hindrance in the qualitative andquantitative analysis of complicated capture-gamma spectra by means ofPGAA. Therefore, the main goal of the CRP was to improve the quality andquantity of the required data in order to make possible the reliableapplication of PGAA in fields such as materials science, chemistry, geology, mining, archaeology, environment, food analysis and medicine. This aim wasachieved thanks to the dedicated work and effort of theparticipants. The CD-ROM included with this publication contains thedatabase, the retrieval system, the three CRM reports, and otherimportant electronic documents related to the CRP. The IAEA wishes tothanks all CRP participants who contributed to the success of the CRP and the formulation of this publication. Special thanks are due to R.B. Firestone for his leading roll in the development of this CRP and hiscomprehensive compilation, analysis and provision of the adopteddatabase, and to V. Zerkin for the software developments associatedwiththe retrieval system. An essential component of this data compilation isthe extensive sets of new measurements of capture gamma-ray energies andintensities undertaken at Budapest by Zs. Revay under the direction ofG. L. Molnar. The extensive participation and assistance of H.D. Choi isalso greatly appreciated. Other participants inthis CRP were: R.M. Lindstrom, S.M. Mughabghab, A.V.R. Reddy, V.H. Tan and C.M. Zhou. Thanksare also due to S.C. Frankle and M.A. Lone for their active participationas consultants at some of the meetings. Finally, the participants wish tothank R. Paviotti-Corcuera (Nuclear Data Section, Division of Physicaland Chemical Sciences), who was the IAEA responsible officer for the CRP, this publication and the resulting database. The participants aregrateful to D.L. Muir and A.L. Nichols, successive Heads of the NuclearData Section, for their active and enthusiastic encouragement infurthering the work of the CRP.
Author: G. L. Molnar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
A new library comprising 30 thousand neutron capture gamma rays has been created by combining new measurements on natural elements from Budapest and literature data for all stable isotope targets. All energies and intensities are consistent in that they are based on the chlorine and nitrogen standards, respectively. Accurate neutron binding energies and thermal capture cross-sections could also be inferred for all cases where the level scheme is sufficiently complete. The new data can be used for nuclear structure investigations, reaction model calculations, and a number of applications, such as Prompt Gamma-ray Activation Analysis (PGAA).
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Author: G. Molnar
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Author: Robert C. Haight
Author: American Nuclear Society
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Author: Robert J. Howerton
Author: H. D. Choi
Author: R. J. Howerton
Author: G. L. Molnar