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Author: Edward Denison Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 0815719752 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
The growth rate of national income has fluctuated widely in the United States since 1929. In this volume, Edward F. Denison uses the growth accounting methodology he pioneered and refined in earlier studies to track changes in the trend of output and its determinants. At every step he systematically distinguishes changes in the economy’s ability to produce—as measured by his series on potential national income—from changes in the ratio of actual output to potential output. Using data for earlier years as a backdrop, Denison focuses on the dramatic decline in the growth of potential national income that started in 1974 and was further accentuated beginning in 1980, and on the pronounced decline from business cycle to business cycle in the average ratio of actual to potential output, a slide under way since 1969. The decline in growth rates has been especially pronounced in national income per person employed and other productivity measures as growth of total output has slowed despite a sharp acceleration in growth of employment and total hours at work. Denison organizes his discussion around eight table that divide 1929-82 into three long periods (the last, 1973-82) and seven shorter periods (the most recent, 1973-79 and 1979-82). These tables provide estimates of the sources of growth for eight output measures in each period. Denison stresses that the 1973-82 period of slow growth in unfinished. He observes no improvement in the productivity trend, only a weak cyclical recovery from a 1982 low. Sources-of-growth tables isolate the contributions made to growth between “input” and “output per unit of input.” Even so, it is not possible to quantify separately the contribution of all determinants, and Denison evaluates qualitatively the effects of other developments on the productivity slowdown.
Author: Dietrich Vollrath Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226820041 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Vollrath challenges our long-held assumption that growth is the best indicator of an economy’s health. Most economists would agree that a thriving economy is synonymous with GDP growth. The more we produce and consume, the higher our living standard and the more resources available to the public. This means that our current era, in which growth has slowed substantially from its postwar highs, has raised alarm bells. But should it? Is growth actually the best way to measure economic success—and does our slowdown indicate economic problems? The counterintuitive answer Dietrich Vollrath offers is: No. Looking at the same facts as other economists, he offers a radically different interpretation. Rather than a sign of economic failure, he argues, our current slowdown is, in fact, a sign of our widespread economic success. Our powerful economy has already supplied so much of the necessary stuff of modern life, brought us so much comfort, security, and luxury, that we have turned to new forms of production and consumption that increase our well-being but do not contribute to growth in GDP. In Fully Grown, Vollrath offers a powerful case to support that argument. He explores a number of important trends in the US economy: including a decrease in the number of workers relative to the population, a shift from a goods-driven economy to a services-driven one, and a decline in geographic mobility. In each case, he shows how their economic effects could be read as a sign of success, even though they each act as a brake of GDP growth. He also reveals what growth measurement can and cannot tell us—which factors are rightly correlated with economic success, which tell us nothing about significant changes in the economy, and which fall into a conspicuously gray area. Sure to be controversial, Fully Grown will reset the terms of economic debate and help us think anew about what a successful economy looks like.
Author: Garbis Iradian Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
This paper uses the growth-accounting approach to determine the sources of growth in transition economies. The central conclusion is that the estimated total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the former Soviet Union republics were significantly higher than other fast growing economies. A key question for prospective growth is whether the TFP gains achieved thus far have already eliminated most of the inefficiencies of central planning-and will therefore soon fade away. Underutilized labor combined with the recent trend of faster capital accumulation may play a more important role in the medium-term growth.
Author: Edward Fulton Denison Publisher: Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution ISBN: 9780815718109 Category : United States Languages : en Pages : 141
Author: Mr.Jose De Gregorio Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451959753 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 57
Book Description
This paper studies growth determinants in 12 Latin American countries during the period 1950-85. In a simple growth accounting framework, the share of labor in income is found to be lower in the sample group than in developed countries, while factor productivity growth accounts for a larger proportion of growth in the fastest growing countries in the sample. Using panel data, macroeconomic stability is found to play, in addition to investment (physical and human), a crucial role in growth. To a lesser extent, growth is negatively correlated with government consumption and political instability. The terms of trade appear to have no significant effect on growth.
Author: Gordon C. Bjork Publisher: Praeger ISBN: 9780275965310 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
While the decline of U.S. economic growth has been widely recognized and debated by professional economists, no one has until now offered a comprehensive description and explanation. Professor Bjork does so, and he explains the growth slowdown as a natural consequence of economic maturity. In addition, Bjork explains how productivity growth occurs within industries and the economy as a whole and how accounting conventions fail to account for growth in expanding sectors of the economy such as services and government. He quantifies the effects of structural change in slowing the rate of growth, and he demonstrates why taxes and transfer payments for the education of the young and the maintenance and health care of the retired population necessarily increase with economic growth and maturity. This is an important synthesis for professional economists and policy makers as well as students and the concerned public.
Author: Edward F. Denison
Author: Edward F. Denison
Author: Edward Fulton Denison
Author: Edward Denison
Author: Dietrich Vollrath
Author: Edward Fulton Denison
Author: Garbis Iradian
Author: Edward Fulton Denison
Author: Edward Fulton Denison
Author: Mr.Jose De Gregorio
Author: Gordon C. Bjork