Accelerator-based Sources of Infrared and Spectroscopic Applications PDF Download

Author: G. Lawrence Carr
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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Author: Gwyn P. Williams
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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Author: Scott Wandel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Particle accelerators are useful instruments that help address critical issues for the future development of nuclear energy. Current state-of-the-art accelerators based on conventional radio-frequency (rf) cavities are too large and expensive for widespread commercial use, and alternative designs must be considered for supplying relativistic beams to small-scale applications, including medical imaging, security screening, and scientific research in a university-scale laboratory. Laser-driven acceleration using micro-fabricated dielectric photonic structures is an attractive approach because such photonic microstructures can support accelerating fields that are 10 to 100 times higher than that of rf cavity-based accelerators. Dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs) use commercial lasers as a driving source, which are smaller and less expensive than the klystrons used to drive current rf-based accelerators. Despite the apparent need for compact and economical laser sources for laser-driven acceleration, the availability of suitable high-peak-power lasers that cover a broad spectral range is currently limited.To address the needs of several innovative acceleration mechanisms like DLA, it is proposed to develop a coherent source of mid-infrared (IR) electromagnetic radiation that can be implemented as a driving source of laser accelerators. The use of ultrashort mid-IR high peak power laser systems in various laser-driven acceleration schemes has shown the potential to greatly reduce the optical pump intensities needed to realize high acceleration gradients. The optical intensity needed to achieve a given ponderomotive potential is 25 times less when using a 5-m mid-IR laser as compared to using a 1-m near-IR solid-state laser. In addition, dielectric structure breakdown caused by multiphoton ionization can be avoided by using longer-wavelength driving lasers. Current mid-IR laser sources do not produce sufficiently short pulse durations, broad spectral bandwidths, or high energies as required by certain accelerator applications. The use of a high- peak-power mid-IR laser system in DLA could enable tabletop accelerators on the MeV to GeV scale for security scanners, medical therapy devices, and compact x-ray light sources.Ultrashort mid-IR laser sources also play a vital role in the measurement and enhancement of material properties relevant for nuclear applications. For example, photoexcitation of graphene with femtosecond mid-IR laser pulses can be used to measure the time-resolved photoconductivity in graphene for its use in radiation detection. Graphene photodetectors have the unique ability to operate at room temperatures across a broad spectral region with ultrashort response times; however, achieving high efficiency in graphene detectors remains challenging due to graphenes weak optical absorption. The current methods and materials are not capable of operating at room temperature, do not respond at mid-IR wavelengths, or cannot achieve single-shot operation. Therefore, the metrology of ultrashort mid-IR laser pulses is needed to understand the mechanisms of photoconductive gain in mid-IR detectors to enhance detector efficiency. Advanced pulse diagnostic instrumentation is needed that performs reliably and efficiently over a broad spectral range for the metrology of ultrashort mid-IR laser pulses for applications of radiation detection, IR spectroscopy, and remote sensing for trace gas detection.This dissertation reports on the design and construction of a simple and robust, short-pulse parametric source operating at a center wavelength of 5 m. The design and construction of a high-energy, short-pulse 2-m parametric source is also presented, which serves as a surrogate pumping source for the 5-m source. An elegant method for mid-IR pulse characterization is demonstrated, which makes use of ubiquitous silicon photodetectors, traditionally reserved for the characterization of near-IR radiation. In addition, a dual-chirped parametric amplification technique is extended into the mid-IR spectral region, producing a bandwidth- tunable mid-IR source in a simple design without sacrificing conversion efficiency. The design and development of a compact single-shot mid-IR prism spectrometer is also reported, and its implementation in a number of condensed matter studies at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center is discussed. Rapid tuning and optimization of a high-energy parametric laser system using the mid-IR spectrometer is demonstrated, which significantly enhances the capabilities of performing optical measurements on superconducting materials using the LCLS instrument. All of the laser sources and optical technologies presented in this dissertation were developed using relatively simple designs to provide compact and cost-effective systems to address some of the challenges facing accelerator and IR spectroscopy technologies.

Author: Vasyl Morozhenko
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535100602
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 229

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Book Description
This book represents a collection of scientific articles covering the field of infrared radiation. It offers extensive information about current scientific research and engineering developments in this area. Each chapter has been thoroughly revised and each represents significant contribution to the scientific community interested in this matter. Developers of infrared technique, technicians using infrared equipment and scientist that have interest in infrared radiation and its interaction with medium will comprise the main readership as they search for current studies on the use of infrared radiation. Moreover this book can be useful to students and postgraduates with appropriate specialty and also for multifunctional workers.

Author: Alexander Wu Chao
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814462020
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 299

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Over the last half century we have witnessed tremendous progress in the production of high-quality photons by electrons in accelerators. This dramatic evolution has seen four generations of accelerators as photon sources. The 1st generation used the electron storage rings built primarily for high-energy physics experiments, and the synchrotron radiation from the bending magnets was used parasitically. The 2nd generation involved rings dedicated to synchrotron radiation applications, with the radiation again from the bending magnets. The 3rd generation, currently the workhorse of these photon sources, is dedicated advanced storage rings that employ not only bending magnets but also insertion devices (wigglers and undulators) as the source of the radiation. The 4th generation, which is now entering operation, is photon sources based on the free electron laser (FEL), an invention made in the early 1970s.Each generation yielded growths in brightness and time resolution that were unimaginable just a few years earlier. In particular, the progression from the 3rd to 4th generation is a true revolution; the peak brilliance of coherent soft and hard x-rays has increased by 7-10 orders of magnitude, and the image resolution has reached the angstrom (1 Å = 10-10 meters) and femto-second (1 fs = 10-15 second) scales. These impressive capabilities have fostered fundamental scientific advances and led to an explosion of numerous possibilities in many important research areas including material science, chemistry, molecular biology and the life sciences. Even more remarkably, this field of photon source invention and development shows no signs of slowing down. Studies have already been started on the next generation of x-ray sources, which would have a time resolution in the atto-second (1 as = 10-18 second) regime, comparable to the time of electron motion inside atoms. It can be fully expected that these photon sources will stand out among the most powerful future science research tools. The physics community as well as the entire scientific community will hear of many pioneering and groundbreaking research results using these sources in the coming years.This volume contains fifteen articles, all written by leading scientists in their respective fields. It is aimed at the designers, builders and users of accelerator-based photon sources as well as general audience who are interested in this topic.

Author: David Moss
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1849731993
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 397

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Publication of a multi-author textbook on the biomedical applications of synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy was a central element in the workplan of the EU project DASIM (Diagnostic Applications of Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy). The project involved nearly 70 scientists and clinicians from 9 European countries, including all synchrotron facilities that have or are planning an infrared beamline. Together with its international associates from the USA, Canada and Australia, the project brought together essentially all recognized experts in the field. The project aims were to coordinate international research effort and to disseminate the relevant information amongst biological researchers and health care professionals and this multi-author textbook was conceived as the most important measure towards the aim of dissemination. The field of biomedical applications of synchrotron IR microspectroscopy, which has recently seen unprecedented growth, is extremely interdisciplinary, involving synchrotron physicists, spectroscopists, biologists and clinicians, with associated difficulties in getting these experts to understand each other. This multi-author book, from leading world experts, presents all aspects of the field in language that all the disparate experts involved can understand. It demystifies the subject both for clinicians and biologists who find synchrotron physics difficult to understand and for physicists who find medical/biological terminology incomprehensible. The book focuses specifically on biomedical IR spectroscopy using synchrotron light sources with particular emphasis on understandable presentation of necessary background knowledge, digestible summaries of research progress and above all as a practical 'how to do it' guide for those working in or wishing to enter the field of biomedical synchrotron IR microspectroscopy and imaging. Key features of the book include:- * a 'Fundamentals' section, explaining the basics of synchrotrons and FTIR spectroscopy as well as the needs of clinicians and biologists with respect to these technologies * a 'Technical Aspects' section, going into depth on optical issues, sample preparation and study design/data analysis * case studies bringing together these 2 elements through practical examples * Raman microspectroscopy, as an alternative approach, is explored in depth * the foreword is written by Henry Mantsch and Gwynn Williams, the two undisputed experts in the fields of biomedical FTIR spectroscopy and synchrotron IR microspectroscopy respectively

Author: Konstantin L. Vodopyanov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119011973
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 320

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An important guide to the major techniques for generating coherent light in the mid-infrared region of the spectrum Laser-based Mid-infrared Sources and Applications gives a comprehensive overview of the existing methods for generating coherent light in the important yet difficult-to-reach mid-infrared region of the spectrum (2–20 μm) and their applications. The book describes major approaches for mid-infrared light generation including ion-doped solid-state lasers, fiber lasers, semiconductor lasers, and laser sources based on nonlinear optical frequency conversion, and reviews a range of applications: spectral recognition of molecules and trace gas sensing, biomedical and military applications, high-field physics and attoscience, and others. Every chapter starts with the fundamentals for a given technique that enables self-directed study, while extensive references help conduct deeper research. Laser-based Mid-infrared Sources and Applications provides up-to-date information on the state-of the art mid-infrared sources, discusses in detail the advancements made over the last two decades such as microresonators and interband cascade lasers, and explores novel approaches that are currently subjects of intense research such as supercontinuum and frequency combs generation. This important book: • Explains the fundamental principles and major techniques for coherent mid-infrared light generation • Discusses recent advancements and current cutting-edge research in the field • Highlights important biomedical, environmental, and military applications Written for researchers, academics, students, and engineers from different disciplines, the book helps navigate the rapidly expanding field of mid-infrared laser-based technologies.

Author: Thomas Elsaesser
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1643272160
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 159

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Book Description
Terahertz (THz) radiation with frequencies between 100 GHz and 30 THz has developed into an important tool of science and technology, with numerous applications in materials characterization, imaging, sensor technologies, and telecommunications. Recent progress in THz generation has provided ultrashort THz pulses with electric field amplitudes of up to several megavolts/cm. This development opens the new research field of nonlinear THz spectroscopy in which strong light-matter interactions are exploited to induce quantum excitations and/or charge transport and follow their nonequilibrium dynamics in time-resolved experiments. This book introduces methods of THz generation and nonlinear THz spectroscopy in a tutorial way, discusses the relevant theoretical concepts, and presents prototypical, experimental, and theoretical results in condensed matter physics. The potential of nonlinear THz spectroscopy is illustrated by recent research, including an overview of the relevant literature.

Author: Adriana Predoi-Cross
Publisher: American Institute of Physics
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Conference Location and Date: Baniff, Alberta, Canada, 13-17 September 2009

Author: Alex Chao
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814340391
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 299

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Book Description
Each generation yielded growths in brightness and time resolution that were unimaginable just a few years earlier. In particular, the progression from the 3rd to 4th generation is a true revolution; the peak brilliance of coherent soft and hard x-rays has increased by 7-10 orders of magnitude, and the image resolution has reached the angstrom (1 [symbol] = 10-10 meters) and femto-second (1 fs = 10-15 second) scales. These impressive capabilities have fostered fundamental scientific advances and led to an explosion of numerous possibilities in many important research areas including material science, chemistry, molecular biology and the life sciences. Even more remarkably, this field of photon source invention and development shows no signs of slowing down. Studies have already been started on the next generation of x-ray sources, which would have a time resolution in the atto-second (1 as = 10-18 second) regime, comparable to the time of electron motion inside atoms.