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Author: Maria Shoukat Publisher: ISBN: Category : Carbon monoxide Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
The interaction of carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen on Rhodium (Rh) is very interesting and important due to its applications in catalysis ( e.g., catalytic converters in automobiles). The main purpose of our research is to study the reaction between oxygen atoms and carbon monoxide molecules present on Rhodium terraces, as well as the binding of carbon monoxide molecules to the surface. In particular, we are looking at the mechanism at low temperatures where catalytic converters are not as effective. Our primary objective was to study the effect on the results of varying the rate constants for the different processes (CO oxidation, CO binding to the surface, CO mobility). To this end, we have developed a computer simulation program incorporating the rate constants as variable parameters. The magnitude of the rate constants is related to the relative strengths (probabilities) of the interactions. So, as we identified particular interactions {values of rate constants) that led to enhanced reactivity, we gained a better understanding of how the proposed mechanism relates to the physical processes occurring. This basic understanding of the reaction system may eventually lead to modifications that will improve the function of the catalyst.
Author: Maria Shoukat Publisher: ISBN: Category : Carbon monoxide Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
The interaction of carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen on Rhodium (Rh) is very interesting and important due to its applications in catalysis ( e.g., catalytic converters in automobiles). The main purpose of our research is to study the reaction between oxygen atoms and carbon monoxide molecules present on Rhodium terraces, as well as the binding of carbon monoxide molecules to the surface. In particular, we are looking at the mechanism at low temperatures where catalytic converters are not as effective. Our primary objective was to study the effect on the results of varying the rate constants for the different processes (CO oxidation, CO binding to the surface, CO mobility). To this end, we have developed a computer simulation program incorporating the rate constants as variable parameters. The magnitude of the rate constants is related to the relative strengths (probabilities) of the interactions. So, as we identified particular interactions {values of rate constants) that led to enhanced reactivity, we gained a better understanding of how the proposed mechanism relates to the physical processes occurring. This basic understanding of the reaction system may eventually lead to modifications that will improve the function of the catalyst.
Author: Razan Tanbour Publisher: ISBN: Category : Carbon monoxide Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
81% of all rhodium (Rh) is used in automobile catalytic converters. Consequently, researchers have dedicated a lot of effort into understanding the behavior of nonmetal oxides on a Rh surface. Using a computer simulation program, we have studied the absorption and oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) on a terraced Rh surface (lattice) with a width of three and a height of 10000 using a mechanism that describes the behavior at low temperatures. Varying the reaction activation energies (rate constants), and the mobility of the CO, led to changes in the surface coverages of oxygen and CO. Specifically, increasing the activation energies generally led to increased CO saturation coverages, but the effect upon oxygen depended on other conditions. The distribution of the CO molecules bound to the surface seems to weakly depend upon the specific rate constants, the mobility, and the activation energies specified for the mechanism. These results have led to an improved understanding of how the results are influenced by the variables specified in the mechanism.
Author: Jeroen A. van Bokhoven Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118844289 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 896
Book Description
During the last two decades, remarkable and often spectacularprogress has been made in the methodological and instrumentalaspects of x–ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. Thisprogress includes considerable technological improvements in thedesign and production of detectors especially with the developmentand expansion of large-scale synchrotron reactors All this hasresulted in improved analytical performance and new applications,as well as in the perspective of a dramatic enhancement in thepotential of x–ray based analysis techniques for the nearfuture. This comprehensive two-volume treatise features articlesthat explain the phenomena and describe examples of X–rayabsorption and emission applications in several fields, includingchemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, amorphous and liquid systems,synchrotron radiation, and surface phenomena. Contributors explainthe underlying theory, how to set up X–ray absorptionexperiments, and how to analyze the details of the resultingspectra. X-Ray Absorption and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: Theory andApplications: Combines the theory, instrumentation and applications of x-rayabsorption and emission spectroscopies which offer uniquediagnostics to study almost any object in the Universe. Is the go-to reference book in the subject for all researchersacross multi-disciplines since intense beams from modern sourceshave revolutionized x-ray science in recent years Is relevant to students, postdocurates and researchers workingon x-rays and related synchrotron sources and applications inmaterials, physics, medicine, environment/geology, andbiomedical materials
Author: Chang Q Sun Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9814585211 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 816
Book Description
The aim of this book is to explore the detectable properties of a material to the parameters of bond and non-bond involved and to clarify the interdependence of various properties. This book is composed of four parts; Part I deals with the formation and relaxation dynamics of bond and non-bond during chemisorptions with uncovering of the correlation among the chemical bond, energy band and surface potential barrier (3B) during reactions; Part II is focused on the relaxation of bonds between atoms with fewer neighbors than the ideal in bulk with unraveling of the bond order-length-strength (BOLS) correlation mechanism, which clarifies the nature difference between nanostructures and bulk of the same substance; Part III deals with the relaxation dynamics of bond under heating and compressing with revealing of rules on the temperature-resolved elastic and plastic properties of low-dimensional materials; Part IV is focused on the asymmetric relaxation dynamics of the hydrogen bond (O:H-O) and the anomalous behavior of water and ice under cooling, compressing and clustering. The target audience for this book includes scientists, engineers and practitioners in the area of surface science and nanoscience.
Author: C. H. Dai Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 19
Book Description
The reaction of carbon monoxide and oxygen over supported rhodium films has been studied using infrared spectroscopy. The focus of work was the reactivity of the various CO/Rh/X (X=Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2) surface states for supported catalysts having high and low Rh loading. Under the reaction conditions the 'linear CO' species was the most stable toward oxidation, but this could have been a result of an oxidized Rh surface. A new CO/Rh surface species has been proposed which exhibits an infrared band at 2000/cm for a 0.5% Rh/TiO2 film. This species is believed to be a bridged carbonyl between Rh+1 and the TiO2 support. Originator-supplied keywords include: Infrared spectroscopy, and Carbon dioxide.
Author: Maria Shoukat
Author: Maria Shoukat
Author: Razan Tanbour
Author: William Michael Daniel
Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Author: Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
Author: Chang Q Sun
Author: 
Author: 
Author: George William Coulston
Author: C. H. Dai