A Time Domain Phonon Pulse Fitting Analysis for the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment PDF Download
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Author: Chandler Schlupf Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Dark matter makes up 85% of the known matter in the Universe, but the exact nature of dark matter remains unknown. The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment, CDMS, attempts to directly detect the leading candidate dark matter particle, the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP), recoiling off of cold germanium crystals. When particles interact with the crystals' atoms, they produce two measurable signals: phonons and ionization. The phonon signal contains information about the event such as its type, energy, and position, and has a much better resolution for lower energy events than does the ionization, especially for nuclear recoils from WIMPs. Because of this, there is a strong motivation for extracting as much information as possible from the phonon signal. For my thesis, the raw phonon pulse signal in the time domain was fit to a functional form based on phonon physics within the crystal. The functional form was carefully checked using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A Boosted Decision Tree (BDT) was then used to analyze the parameters from the fits to determine how well the parameters could distinguish between event types such as nuclear versus electron recoil events, and surface versus bulk events. Cuts made on the data, from results of the BDTs that were analyzed with parameters from this time-domain fitting algorithm, yielded better descrimination power than ones that were analyzed with the parameters currently used by CDMS. Applying this method to data mimicking a 15 GeV WIMP distribution produced a 34.4% signal efficiency improvement over the values currently used by CDMS.
Author: Chandler Schlupf Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Dark matter makes up 85% of the known matter in the Universe, but the exact nature of dark matter remains unknown. The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment, CDMS, attempts to directly detect the leading candidate dark matter particle, the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP), recoiling off of cold germanium crystals. When particles interact with the crystals' atoms, they produce two measurable signals: phonons and ionization. The phonon signal contains information about the event such as its type, energy, and position, and has a much better resolution for lower energy events than does the ionization, especially for nuclear recoils from WIMPs. Because of this, there is a strong motivation for extracting as much information as possible from the phonon signal. For my thesis, the raw phonon pulse signal in the time domain was fit to a functional form based on phonon physics within the crystal. The functional form was carefully checked using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A Boosted Decision Tree (BDT) was then used to analyze the parameters from the fits to determine how well the parameters could distinguish between event types such as nuclear versus electron recoil events, and surface versus bulk events. Cuts made on the data, from results of the BDTs that were analyzed with parameters from this time-domain fitting algorithm, yielded better descrimination power than ones that were analyzed with the parameters currently used by CDMS. Applying this method to data mimicking a 15 GeV WIMP distribution produced a 34.4% signal efficiency improvement over the values currently used by CDMS.
Author: Christian W. Fabjan Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030353184 Category : Elementary particles (Physics). Languages : en Pages : 1083
Book Description
This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Author: Richard Wigmans Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191089699 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 864
Book Description
Particle physics is the science that pursues the age-old quest for the innermost structure of matter and the fundamental interactions between its constituents. Modern experiments in this field rely increasingly on calorimetry, a detection technique in which the particles of interest are absorbed in the detector. Calorimeters are very intricate instruments. Their performance characteristics depend on subtle, sometimes counter-intuitive design details. Written by one of the world's foremost experts, Calorimetry is the first comprehensive text on this topic. It provides a fundamental and systematic introduction to calorimetry. It describes the state of the art in terms of both the fundamental understanding of calorimetric particle detection, and the actual detectors that have been or are being built and operated in experiments. The last chapter discusses landmark scientific discoveries in which calorimetry has played an important role. This book summarizes and puts into perspective the work described in some 900 scientific papers, listed in the bibliography. This second edition emphasizes new developments that have taken place since the first edition appeared in 2000.
Author: Helmuth Spieler Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191523658 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 513
Book Description
Semiconductor sensors patterned at the micron scale combined with custom-designed integrated circuits have revolutionized semiconductor radiation detector systems. Designs covering many square meters with millions of signal channels are now commonplace in high-energy physics and the technology is finding its way into many other fields, ranging from astrophysics to experiments at synchrotron light sources and medical imaging. This book is the first to present a comprehensive discussion of the many facets of highly integrated semiconductor detector systems, covering sensors, signal processing, transistors and circuits, low-noise electronics, and radiation effects. The diversity of design approaches is illustrated in a chapter describing systems in high-energy physics, astronomy, and astrophysics. Finally a chapter "Why things don't work" discusses common pitfalls. Profusely illustrated, this book provides a unique reference in a key area of modern science.
Author: Leong Chuan Kwek Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814460354 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 303
Book Description
The physics of strong light-matter coupling has been addressed in different scientific communities over the last three decades. Since the early eighties, atoms coupled to optical and microwave cavities have led to pioneering demonstrations of cavity quantum electrodynamics, Gedanken experiments, and building blocks for quantum information processing, for which the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 2012. In the framework of semiconducting devices, strong coupling has allowed investigations into the physics of Bose gases in solid-state environments, and the latter holds promise for exploiting light-matter interaction at the single-photon level in scalable architectures. More recently, impressive developments in the so-called superconducting circuit QED have opened another fundamental playground to revisit cavity quantum electrodynamics for practical and fundamental purposes. This book aims at developing the necessary interface between these communities, by providing future researchers with a robust conceptual, theoretical and experimental basis on strong light-matter coupling, both in the classical and in the quantum regimes. In addition, the emphasis is on new forefront research topics currently developed around the physics of strong light-matter interaction in the atomic and solid-state scenarios.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 030917113X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.
Author: C. Barry Carter Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319266519 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 543
Book Description
This text is a companion volume to Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Textbook for Materials Science by Williams and Carter. The aim is to extend the discussion of certain topics that are either rapidly changing at this time or that would benefit from more detailed discussion than space allowed in the primary text. World-renowned researchers have contributed chapters in their area of expertise, and the editors have carefully prepared these chapters to provide a uniform tone and treatment for this exciting material. The book features an unparalleled collection of color figures showcasing the quality and variety of chemical data that can be obtained from today’s instruments, as well as key pitfalls to avoid. As with the previous TEM text, each chapter contains two sets of questions, one for self assessment and a second more suitable for homework assignments. Throughout the book, the style follows that of Williams & Carter even when the subject matter becomes challenging—the aim is always to make the topic understandable by first-year graduate students and others who are working in the field of Materials Science Topics covered include sources, in-situ experiments, electron diffraction, Digital Micrograph, waves and holography, focal-series reconstruction and direct methods, STEM and tomography, energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) imaging, and spectrum imaging. The range and depth of material makes this companion volume essential reading for the budding microscopist and a key reference for practicing researchers using these and related techniques.
Author: Michele Livan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783030236557 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 269
Book Description
This book is exceptional in offering a thorough but accessible introduction to calorimetry that will meet the needs of both students and researchers in the field of particle physics. It is designed to provide the sound knowledge of the basics of calorimetry and of calorimetric techniques and instrumentation that is mandatory for any physicist involved in the design and construction of large experiments or in data analysis. An important feature is the correction of a number of persistent common misconceptions. Among the topics covered are the physics and development of electromagnetic showers, electromagnetic calorimetry, the physics and development of hadron showers, hadron calorimetry, and calibration of a calorimeter. Two chapters are devoted to more promising calorimetric techniques for the next collider. Calorimetry for Collider Physics, an introduction will be of value for all who are seeking a reliable guide to calorimetry that occupies the middle ground between the brief chapter in a generic book on particle detection and the highly complex and lengthy reference book.
Author: Chandler Schlupf
Author: Chandler Schlupf
Author: Angela Jean Reisetter
Author: Jeffrey Jyh-Chung Yen
Author: Christian W. Fabjan
Author: Richard Wigmans
Author: Helmuth Spieler
Author: Leong Chuan Kwek
Author: National Research Council
Author: C. Barry Carter
Author: Michele Livan