A Taxonomic Study of the Nearctic Spider Wasps Belonging to the Tribe Pompilini PDF Download
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Author: Howard Ensign Evans Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9780282068691 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 496
Book Description
Excerpt from A Taxonomic Study of the Nearctic Spider Wasps Belonging to the Tribe Pompilini (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), Vol. 1 Up to the year 1865 a few miscellaneous North American Pompilidae had been described by Linnaeus, Fabricius, Say, Smith, and a few others. In that year appeared the first of several papers by E. T. Cresson, .in which he greatly increased our knowledge Of these wasps. Of particular note is Cresson's Notes On the Pompilidae Of North America, which was the first attempt at an organized treatment Of the members Of the family on this continent.1 Although without keys, it is a most valuable descrip tive work and a necessary source Of reference for all subsequent workers. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Howard Ensign Evans Publisher: Nabu Press ISBN: 9781295057702 Category : Languages : en Pages : 496
Book Description
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Author: Cecilia Waichert Monteiro Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A major area of investigation in evolutionary biology is the evolution of complex traits. The number of states, the order in which they arise, and the number of times a trait has evolved interest evolutionary biologists. Such studies are only made possible by reconstructing phylogenies in the context of the taxa. Biological investigations rely on accurate species designations and delimitations, and lack of well-defined taxonomic groups impedes scientific progress. Pompilidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera), popularly known as spider wasps, are predatory insects that provision their offspring with spiders as the sole food source. Adult female wasps attack spiders and paralyze them with venom, then place them in simple nests that are usually dug in the soil. Spider wasps form a large and cosmopolitan family with nearly 5,000 described species. Although all Pompilidae have similar biology, there is considerable variation in the nest construction and provisioning behavior; thus, this family could be useful for understanding the evolution of complex behavior. My study aims to evaluate and solve several taxonomic conflicts in spider wasps by reconstructing the complex evolution of behavioral patterns using a molecular phylogenetic framework. Early stages of sociality are found in spider wasps, such as communalism (females of same generation nesting together). My ultimate goal was to study the evolution of communalism in these wasps. I reconstructed relationships at the subfamily and tribal levels for the family, as well as generic and specific levels for pre-defined lineages using five nuclear markers (28S, EF, Pol2, LWRh, Wg), one mitochondrial marker (COI), and morphological characters. These studies comprise the first attempt to revise generic, tribal, and species delimitations for spider wasps, based on robust molecular evolutionary trees. Finally, by studying early stages of social evolution, my results will provide for a better understanding the evolution of social behavior in Hymenoptera as a whole.