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Author: Shelly Levy-Tzedek Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 215
Book Description
(cont.) Bradykinesia (slowness of movement) is one of the hallmarks of PD. We examined the effects of visual feedback on bradykinesia. PD patients off dopaminergic medication and healthy age-matched controls performed significantly faster movements when visual feedback was withdrawn. For the bradykinetic subjects, this increase in movement speed meant either a mitigation or an elimination of bradykinesia. Our results support a role of the basal ganglia in sensorimotor integration, and argue for the integration of nonvision exercises into patients' physical therapy regime.
Author: Shelly Levy-Tzedek Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 215
Book Description
(cont.) Bradykinesia (slowness of movement) is one of the hallmarks of PD. We examined the effects of visual feedback on bradykinesia. PD patients off dopaminergic medication and healthy age-matched controls performed significantly faster movements when visual feedback was withdrawn. For the bradykinetic subjects, this increase in movement speed meant either a mitigation or an elimination of bradykinesia. Our results support a role of the basal ganglia in sensorimotor integration, and argue for the integration of nonvision exercises into patients' physical therapy regime.
Author: Martina Mancini Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128138750 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Management presents the most updated information on a variety of topics. Sections help clinicians evaluate the types of balance control issues, dynamic balance dysfunction during turning, and the effects of medication, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation intervention on balance control. This book is the first to review the four main postural control systems and how they are affected, including balance during quiet stance, reactive postural adjustments to external perturbations, anticipatory postural adjustments in preparation for voluntary movements, and dynamic balance control during walking and turning. In addition, the book's authors summarize the effects of levodopa, deep brain stimulation, and rehabilitation intervention for each balance domain. This book is recommended for anyone interested in how and why balance control is affected by PD. Provides the first comprehensive review of research to date on balance dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease Discusses how to translate current neuroscience research into practice regarding neural control of balance Provides evidence on the effects of current interventions on balance control
Author: J.J. Summers Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080867383 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 615
Book Description
During the past two decades, there has been a dramatic increase in interest in the study of motor control and learning. In this volume authors from a variety of backgrounds and theoretical perspectives review their research with particular emphasis on the methods and paradigms employed, and the future direction of their work. The book is divided into four main sections. The first section contains chapters examining general issues and trends in the movement behaviour field. The remaining three sections contain chapters from scientists working in three broadly defined areas of interest: coordination and control; visuo-motor processes; and movement disorders. Each section provides an overview of the different approaches and different levels of analysis being used to examine specific topics within the motor domain.
Author: Wei-Peng Teo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
[Truncated abstract] Previously, it was postulated that the phenomenon of post-exercise corticomotor depression reflected fatigue of the central nervous system following demanding exercises. However, peripheral fatigue is implicated with maximally demanding exercises, which makes it difficult to ascertain the mechanisms underlying post-exercise corticomotor depression. Recently, Rodrigues et al. (2009) reported a novel index finger flexion-extension task performed at maximal voluntary rate that breaks down rapidly in the absence of peripheral fatigue. They suggested that a loss in central motor command was the most likely cause due to the lack of peripheral changes. To determine the extent in which central change are involved in the breakdown of movement following the index finger flexion-extension task, the aims were to, firstly, investigate the dynamics of post-exercise corticomotor depression and short-interval intra-cortical inhibition following a 10-sec flexion-extension task at maximal and submaximal voluntary rates in both the dominant and non-dominant hand. Secondly, determine if motor practice and neuro-modulation will attenuate movement breakdown during the maximal voluntary rate task. Finally, the thesis will compare the relevance of the flexion-extension task against the finger-tapping task) in Parkinson's disease patients, and to determine the dynamics of post-exercise corticomotor depression following the flexion-extension task in Parkinson's disease patients during OFF and ON levodopa medication. The kinematic findings showed that healthy subjects were not able to sustain both movement rate and movement amplitude throughout a 10-sec index finger flexionextension task at maximal voluntary rate. No change in pre- and post-task ballistic finger flexion/extension speed and M-wave amplitude was observed. A period of post-exercise corticomotor depression and increased short-interval cortical inhibition lasting up to 6 minutes was also observed. Paradoxically, the results also showed that postexercise corticomotor depression and short-interval cortical inhibition were more profound following the flexion-extension task performed at a moderate sustainable rate. Between-hand comparisons also showed an increase in post-exercise corticomotor depression and short-interval cortical inhibition following tasks performed by the dominant hand. The effects of motor practice and neuro-modulation (using a repetitive TMS paradigm at I-wave frequency [ITMS]) on motor performance and learning of the flexion-extension task at maximal voluntary rate were then investigated. Subjects were randomised into a 15-min sham- or real-ITMS that was delivered prior to 6 practice sets of 10-sec flexion-extension task at maximal voluntary rate. Immediately after sham- ITMS, no change in corticomotor excitability was observed compared to baseline. However, motor practice lead to improved task sustainability as demonstrated by a reduction in the decline in movement rate. Corticomotor excitability increased steadily after each training bout, and was maintained up to 20 min after the last practice bout. Following real-ITMS, an increase in corticomotor excitability was immediately observed...
Author: Anne Shumway-Cook Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ISBN: 9780781766913 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 634
Book Description
Motor Control is the only text to bridge the gap between current motor control research and its applications to clinical practice. The text prepares therapists to examine and treat patients with problems related to balance, mobility, and upper extremity function, based on the best available evidence supporting clinical practice. The Third Edition features a new two-color design with an updated art program. This edition provides the latest research findings and their clinical applications in postural control, mobility, and upper extremity function. Drawings, charts, tables, and photographs are also included to clarify postural control and functional mobility, and laboratory activities and case studies are provided to reinforce key concepts.
Author: Jonas H. Ellenberg Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780824788230 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 600
Book Description
This comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview of current concepts regarding the cause of Parkinson's disease-emphasizing the issues involved in the design, implementation, and analysis of epidemiological studies of parkinsonism.
Author: Frederic Danion, PhD Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0195395271 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 536
Book Description
Motor control has established itself as an area of scientific research characterized by a multi-disciplinary approach. Scientists working in the area of control of voluntary movements come from different backgrounds including but not limited to physiology, physics, psychology, mathematics, neurology, physical therapy, computer science, robotics, and engineering. One of the factors slowing progress in the area has been the lack of communication among researchers representing all these disciplines. A major objective of the current book is to overcome this deficiency and to promote cooperation and mutual understanding among researchers addressing different aspects of the complex phenomenon of motor coordination. The book offers a collection of chapters written by the most prominent researchers in the field. Despite the variety of approaches and methods, all the chapters are united by a common goal: To understand how the central nervous system controls and coordinates natural voluntary movements. This book will be appreciated as a major reference by researchers working in all the subfields that form motor control. It can also be used as a supplementary reading book for graduate courses in such fields as kinesiology, physiology, biomechanics, psychology, robotics, and movement disorders.In one concise volume, Motor Control presents the diversity of the research performed to understand human movement. Deftly organized into 6 primary sections, the editors, Dr Frederic Danion and Dr Mark Latash, have invited the who's who of specialists to write on: MotorControl: Control of a Complex; Cortical Mechanisms of Motor Control; Lessons from Biomechanics; Lessons from Motor Learning and Using Tools; Lessons from Studies of Aging and MotorDisorders; and Lessons from RoboticsMotor Control will quickly become the go-to reference for researchers in this growing field. Researchers from mechanics and engineering to psychology and neurophysiology, as well as clinicians working in motor disorders and rehabilitation, will be equally interested in the pages contained herein.
Author: Shelly Levy-Tzedek
Author: Shelly Levy-Tzedek
Author: Michael Samuel
Author: Martina Mancini
Author: J.J. Summers
Author: Wei-Peng Teo
Author: Anne Shumway-Cook
Author: Jonas H. Ellenberg
Author: Frederic Danion, PhD
Author: James Parkinson
Author: Roland Suri