Author: Publisher:
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Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
A Study of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Iron Ore Reduction in Ore/coal Composites
A Study of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Iron Ore Reduction in Ore/coal Composites
Author: Studies in the Kinetics of Iron Ore Reduction
Author: The Reduction of Iron Ores
Author: Ludwig von BogdandyPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662104008
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592
Book Description
For the English edition the book was revised by the authors, taking into account a number of suggestions of the readers of the German edition. Some of the most important publications in the field of iron ore reduction, which appeared since 1967, have been used to bring the manuscript as far as possible up to date. The kind assistance of Dr. K. BOHNENKAMP of the Max-Planck-Institut fUr Eisenforschung, Dusseldorf, was much appreciated in this respect. Ohapters 2.9 and 2.10, dealing with the reduction of molten oxide slags by solid carbon and with the contribution of the water-gas reaction to iron ore reduction, have been added for the English edition. Ohapter 2.9 has been completely revised with the kind assistance of Dr. H. J. GRABKE, Stuttgart. Dipl.-Ing. J. LODDE contributed to this edition by revising the bibliography. Owing to the rapid development of the blast furnace it was necessary to revise Ohapter 5 considerably. In this field many valuable suggestions have been made by Dipl.-Ing. G. LANGE and Dipl.-Ing. P. HEINRICH. Furthermore, Ohapters3 and 4 have been thoroughly revised by Dr.-Ing. E. FORSTER and Dr.-Ing. U. SCHIERLOH. Last, but not least, we have to thank our translators for their excellent work.
Iron Ore - Coal / Coke Composite Pellets
Author: Sujay Kumar DuttaPublisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659409875
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Book Description
The book "Iron Ore - Coal / Coke Composite Pellets" has been written especially for the students of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering in general and in particular for the specialization like "Iron and Steel Making." It also serves the need of Researchers in Research Institutions, and Practicing Engineers in Iron & Steel Industries. Book contains use of different binders along with the strength of pellets, as well as non-isothermal reduction of composite pellet. Authors discuss theoretical considerations and kinetics of reduction and its mechanism for composite pellets. Also, book discusses smelting reduction of composite pellet and methods for measurement of degree of reduction. The properties of composite pellets, their testing and evaluation are explained. Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction, Chapter 2: Composite pellets, Chapter 3: Reduction of composite pellets, Chapter 4: Evaluation of the properties of composite pellets.
Kinetics of Iron Ore Reduction by Coal and Charcoal
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
In the present investigation, an attempt has been done to study the simultaneous effects of the major processing variables on the extent of reduction of iron ore pellets surrounded by coal or charcoal fines in an externally heated cylindrical steel container (diameter 5cm and height 10cm) placed in muffle furnace. The project goal is to compare the reduction potential of coal and charcoal in reduction of iron ore pellets. Wood charcoal contains very low levels of gangue, sulphur and volatile matter therefore, presenting itself as a very desirable reductant for the reduction of iron ore. The variables studied are time and temperature. The reduction was done at temperatures 8500C, 9000C, 9500C and 10000c. The percentage (degree) of reduction of pellets was calculated at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes, after the furnace reached the predetermined reduction temperature. The experiments were statistically designed such that the effect of each variable can be quantitatively assessed and compared. The results showed that, there is an increase in degree of reduction with increase in time and temperature and use of charcoal instead of coal also increased the degree of reduction due to higher fixed carbon content of charcoal. The percentage of swelling showed a random variation with time and temperature. The activation energy for the reduction of iron ore pellet was found to be higher in case of coal as compared to that of in case of charcoal; this indicates that reduction of iron ore by charcoal will be more favorable in case of charcoal.
Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore-Graphite Composite Pellets
Author: Dr. Golap Mohammad ChowdhuryPublisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783843357821
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
Book Description
The rate of reduction of iron ore-graphite composite pellets under inert and reducing atmospheres has been investigated in a tailor made thermo-gravimetric packed-bed reactor. A very low overall apparent activation energy estimated from experimental data indicates that the reduction is not chemical kinetics controlled. A kinetic model has been developed to quantify the temporal evolution of different iron oxide phases and metallic iron. The rate-dependent parameters (frequency factors and activation energy) have been estimated from experimental data by applying an optimization tool (Genetic Algorithm). The predicted phases at various degrees of reduction were verified by X-ray diffraction and metallographic investigation. A simplified thermal model has also been developed to show the role of heat transfer on the kinetics of the reduction process under inert atmosphere. The reduction kinetics of the composite pellets in the packed bed under reactive atmosphere is not heat transfer controlled and might possibly be controlled by CO-gas mass transfer through the pellets.
Ironmaking and Steelmaking
Author: Zushu LiPublisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039213296
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
Steel is a critical material in our societies and will remain an important one for a long time into the future. In the last two decades, the world steel industry has gone through drastic changes and this is predicted to continue in the future. The Asian countries (e.g. China, India) have been dominant in the production of steel creating global over-capacity, while the steel industry in the developed countries have made tremendous efforts to reinforce its global leadership in process technology and product development, and remain sustainable and competitive. The global steel industry is also facing various grand challenges in strict environmental regulation, new energy and materials sources, and ever-increasing customer requirements for high quality steel products, which has been addressed accordingly by the global iron and steel community. This Special Issue, “Ironmaking and Steelmaking”, released by the journal Metals, published 33 high quality articles from the international iron and steel community, covering the state-of-the-art of the ironmaking and steelmaking processes. This includes fundamental understanding, experimental investigation, pilot plant trials, industrial applications and big data utilization in the improvement and optimization of existing processes, and research and development in transformative technologies. It is hoped that the creation of this special issue as a scientific platform will help drive the iron and steel community to build a sustainable steel industry.
Study of Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore Pellets by Noncokingcoal
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Demand of sponge iron and pre-reduced pellets for the manufacture of different varieties of steel is increasing day by day and new solid reductant based sponge iron plants are being commissioned. In the existing blast furnace an increase in production by at least 25 to 35% can be achieved by using pre reduced iron ore. Pre-reduced iron ore pellets have been established as a good substitute for steel scrap in an electric arc furnace which enhances the productivity of the arc furnace. Also majority of fines which are generated during the course of handling, mining, transportation etc are exported at a through away price which need to be utilized by making iron ore pellets for sponge iron making. A lot of investigations have been carried out on direct reduction process of iron oxides by carbonaceous materials, but little work has been done on the characterization of properties and reduction behavior of iron ore of some mines of Orissa. In the present project work, an attempt has been made to study the reduction behavior and kinetics of fired iron ore pellets. The effect of different reduction parameters such as temperature (850-10000C), time (15-120 min.), reductant quality, pellets Vs lump, mixing of particles of different sizes at different ratios for pellet preparation etc. on the reduction behavior of iron ore pellets. These form the subject matter of the thesis. First chapter gives the introduction of the subject. It speaks about the need of DRI industry, scope, present status and future planning of DRI industry in India, world wise DRI production, etc. It also presents the mechanism of direct reduction process. The second chapter shows the literature review. The third chapter deals with planning of experiments, selection of raw materials, preparation of samples, preparation of iron ore pellets, experimental procedure for characterization of different chemical and strength properties of the selected iron ore lump, proximate analysis of selected noncoking coals, ev.
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