A Study of Academic Achievement and Expenditures for Instruction PDF Download

Author: James Henry Crandall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 372

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Author: Mary Maureen Cullen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Academic achievement
Languages : en
Pages : 482

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Author: Leanne Dorhout
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Academic achievement
Languages : en
Pages : 250

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The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between expenditure for technology, instructional resource, and professional development and positively impacts at risk student achievement. The problem addressed was: Over three years, do variations in expenditures for technology, instructional resources, and curriculum and professional development relate to educational achievement for at risk students? Previous studies in the area of at risk student achievement and the relationship of technology have produced mixed results. The four research questions asked if per student technology, instructional resources, and curriculum and staff development expenditures relate to English Language Arts, mathematics, science, and social studies at risk student achievement as measured by state accountability test. The population studied was Texas public school districts with high schools serving grades 9–12 who had three years of at risk student data in the state's academic excellence indicator system (AEIS) reports for the 2007–2008, 2008–2009, and 2009–2010 school years. The units of analysis for the study were data aggregated at the district level. The percentage of at risk students passing the state-mandated standardized exit level, eleventh grade, tests for English Language Arts, mathematics, science, and social studies served as dependent variables. Independent variables consisted of per student expenditures for technology, instructional resources including media services and curriculum and professional development. A hierarchal regression model tested the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables, while controlling for the percentage of White Non-Hispanic students. Results showed that for each subject area and year of the study, the hierarchical regression model showed no relationship between per student expenditure and at risk student achievement on the state mandated eleventh grade test. This led to the conclusion that when the percent of White Non-Hispanic students is controlled, there is no relationship between at risk student achievement and per student expenditure in the area of technology access, implementation, and instructional integration.

Author: Celia Avant Drews
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Academic achievement
Languages : en
Pages : 300

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With increasing public school accountability and inevitable legislation in the future of the school finance system, educational productivity is of paramount concern in 2006 and beyond. This study of educational productivity adds to the field of research by examining the relationship between resource allocation in a school district and student performance. PURPOSE: This study examined the relationship between allocation of resources and individual student achievement as measured by state-mandated assessments over a four year period. Four research questions guided the inquiry: 1) What is the relationship between expenditures on district leadership and student achievement for K-12 public school districts in Texas as measured by the Reading and Mathematics Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) at grades 3, 4, 5, and 6 over four academic years, 2002-2003 through 2005-2006? 2) What is the relationship between expenditures on campus leadership and student achievement for K-12 public school districts in Texas as measured by the Reading and Mathematics TAKS at grades 3, 4, 5, and 6 over four academic years, 2002-2003 through 2005-2006? 3) What is the relationship between expenditures on instruction and student achievement for K-12 public school districts in Texas as measured by the Reading and Mathematics TAKS at grades 3, 4, 5, and 6 over four academic years, 2002-2003 through 2005-2006? 4) What is the relationship between expenditures on professional development and student achiement for K-12 public school districts in Texas as measured by the Reading and Mathematics TAKS at grades 3, 4, 5, and 6 over four academic years, 2002-2003 through 2005-2006? METHODS: Data from 8,120 students within 43 districts across the state of Texas who participated in TAKS math and reading in grades three, four, five, and six for school years 2002-2003 through 2005-2006 were used in the analyses. Data was obtained from each of the 43 participating districts. Financial data for school years 2002-2003 through 2005-2006 was obtained online from the Texas Education Agency (TEA). Descriptive statistics and One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the relationships between expenditures and reading and math achievement. A multilevel growth model was calculated to explain the amount of variation at the campus or student level as well as the district level. FINDINGS: Results of this study support the mixed findings of previous research in that some expenditures impact achievement and some do not. By categorizing percent of a district budget expended on each fund area into low, median, and high, results revealed that there is a difference between how much districts spent for district leadership and both reading and math achievement over the time period of this study, 2002-2003 through 2005-2006. Results of the multilevel growth modeling revealed that students who were coded low socioeconomic status (SES) started lower for both math and reading achievement. Additionally, low SES students' scores for math and reading achievement actually declined three to five points for each year of the study. Expenditures on district leadership had no effect on reading or math achievement over the time of this study. Results for expenditures on campus leadership revealed that districts who spent more on campus leadership started slightly lower on reading achievement but there was no effect on growth over time. For math achievement, districts who spent more on campus leadership began 62 points higher, but declined about 48 points for each year of the study. In regard to expenditures on instruction, there was no effect for math achievement. However, for reading achievement, districts who spent more on instruction started slightly higher, but there was no effect over the time of the study. Districts who expended higher percentages of the budget on professional development had higher starting points for grade three TAKS reading. However, those same districts started slightly lower for grade three TAKS math. While expenditures examined in this study had some effect on student achievement, expenditures at the district level are too far removed to reveal the true effects on individual student achievement.

Author: Allan R. Odden
Publisher: Corwin Press
ISBN: 1452279713
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 209

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A how-to manual for achieving excellence despite budget cuts This book offers a comprehensive framework to enhance student achievement in good times and in bad. The author provides a school improvement action plan and then shows how to target resources to implement that plan. More than just a “theory” book, this text describes concrete, specific actions that can be taken immediately. Key strategies include: Using data to support boosting student performance Focusing on effective instruction Setting goals to drive resource allocation priorities Setting priorities for situations that require budget cuts Hiring top teachers and providing ongoing professional development Providing needed technology resources

Author: Stuart S. Yeh
Publisher: IAP
ISBN: 161735404X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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As a consequence of the federal "No Child Left Behind" (NCLB) law, there is tremendous pressure on school principals, teachers, school superintendents, district staff, state departments of education and governors to maximize the increase in student achievement that is obtained with every dollar of expenditure. Currently, teachers are forced to rely on extremely inefficient approaches that take enormous amounts of time, both during the school day and throughout the K-12 learning years. This is experienced in terms of the reduced time that is available to teach subjects other than math and reading, as schools resort to double periods of math, double periods of reading, and enormous amounts of remedial instruction that directly reduce the time available for other subjects including science, art, and music. In contrast, this book suggests that student achievement may be increased in a way that is not only cost-effective in dollar terms, but efficient in the sense that it does not rely on unusual investments in the time required to obtain results. The book draws upon a wealth of cost-effectiveness data to dispel common notions about "what works" in addressing the achievement gap: increased expenditure per pupil, charter schools, voucher programs, increased educational accountability, class size reduction, comprehensive school reform, increased teacher salaries, more selective teacher recruitment, the use of "value-added" methods to measure and reward teacher performance, the use of National Board teacher certification to identify high-performing teachers, and a host of other approaches.

Author: Brenda J. Turnbull
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education and state
Languages : en
Pages : 302

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Author: Kenneth Earl Perkins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Academic achievement
Languages : en
Pages : 182

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Author: Andy Spears
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319103172
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 83

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This Brief explores school funding reform in the states of Kentucky and Tennessee. In 1990, Kentucky passed the Kentucky Education Reform Act designed to overhaul that state’s education system. Two years later, Tennessee passed the Education Improvement Act which included the Basic Education Plan, designed to foster equity in funding among the state’s schools. Initiated as a result of lawsuits against the states’ educational systems, both programs dealt with school funding, specifically funding equalization among districts. This Brief examines the environments that precipitated funding reform in each state as well as the outcomes of the reforms on student achievement. The similarities and differences between the approaches in each state are analyzed and compared to related reform programs in other states. An in-depth study of regional educational reform in the United States, this Brief is of use to public policy scholars as well as education policy consultants and other school system or state education leaders.

Author: Howard G. Schaller
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317310993
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 213

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In 1962, the Committee on Urban Economics held a conference on public expenditure decisions in order to promote analysis of the issues facing the public sector of the urban economy. Originally published in 1965, this report pulls together key papers presented at this conference discussing issues such as urban services, the patterns of public expenditure and the quality of government services in urban areas to draw conclusions on the difficulties of analysis and how economic tools could be utilised more effectively to solve these difficulties. This title will be of interest to students of environmental studies and economics.