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Author: Stads, Gert-Jan Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN: Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Agricultural research was one of the main drivers behind the enormous increases in food production in South, East, and Southeast Asia (referred to as “Asia” in the remainder of this report) during the twentieth century. The implementation of research-based agricultural methods and new technologies enhanced the quantity and quality of agricultural outputs, and led to rapid economic growth and poverty reduction. Despite these tremendous advances, Asia is still home to more than half of the world’s poor. Most of them live in rural areas where agriculture remains the main source of employment and income.
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN: Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Agricultural research was one of the main drivers behind the enormous increases in food production in South, East, and Southeast Asia (referred to as “Asia” in the remainder of this report) during the twentieth century. The implementation of research-based agricultural methods and new technologies enhanced the quantity and quality of agricultural outputs, and led to rapid economic growth and poverty reduction. Despite these tremendous advances, Asia is still home to more than half of the world’s poor. Most of them live in rural areas where agriculture remains the main source of employment and income.
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
This report assesses trends in investments, human resource capacity, and outputs in agricultural research in SSA, excluding the private (for-profit) sector. The analysis uses information collected by Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI)—led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) within the portfolio of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM). The comprehensive datasets were derived from primary surveys, collected through a series of consecutive data collection rounds; a small number of secondary sources, where survey data were missing or of poor quality; and ASTI’s older investment and human resource datasets. This report highlights the cross-cutting trends and challenges that emerged from the country-level data, structuring it within four broad areas: funding capacity, human resource capacity, research outputs, and institutional conditions—all in terms of whether they support or impede the effective and efficient conduct of agricultural research. This report concludes with a set of policy recommendations for regional and national-level decision makers, and other stakeholders.
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
This report assesses trends in investments, human resource capacity, and research outputs in agricultural R&D—excluding the private (for-profit) sector—in LAC. It is an update of Stads and Beintema (2009), covering a more complete set of countries and focusing primarily on developments during 2006–2012/2013.1 The analysis draws largely from a set of country factsheets prepared by Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI), which is led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), using comprehensive datasets derived from primary surveys and additional secondary sources targeting close to 700 agencies in 27 LAC countries.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251344981 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
Over the past few decades, some countries in Asia have been more successful than others in addressing poverty and malnutrition. The key question is what policies, strategies, legislation and institutional arrangements have led to a transformed agricultural sector, effectively contributing to poverty alleviation and addressing malnutrition. The great majority of national policymakers within and outside the Asia-Pacific region are keen to understand the causes of agricultural development and transformation in successful countries in Asia. A large number of studies have been conducted and some of them link specific public policies and interventions to successful agricultural transformation. However, there seems to be lack of focus on the policy, legislative and institutional environments that have enabled or impeded agricultural transformation in Asia. National policymakers are likely to benefit significantly from adequate and convincing information on successful and relevant experiences in successful transformation. Countries are interested in what their neighbours and peers have done, and why some have achieved impressive results. The main purpose of this study is to take stock of public sector experiences in facilitating and enabling agricultural transformation in selected countries in Asia. The study focuses on key public sector interventions, in particular policies, legislation and institutional innovations, because these areas have so far not been adequately researched.
Author: Ashok K. Mishra Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000336271 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 431
Book Description
Debates about public expenditure in the agricultural sector have reopened in many developing and emerging economies because of high budget deficits and changes in public opinion. As a result, agricultural policy in many of these countries is beginning to take a more market-oriented approach to agrarian problems, most notably through the introduction of contract farming. This book explores the policy issues around contract farming and its transformative potential and addresses the lack of empirical research on this topic by focusing on South Asia: principally India, Bangladesh and Nepal. The book first addresses the effects of contract farming (vertical coordination) on productivity, food security indicators (yield, consumption expenditures, prices), employment and input usage. Then it draws lessons from the South Asian case studies on the impact of institutional changes, like contract farming, on income and food security of smallholder households. The core of the book includes case study chapters on several commodities that are produced under contract farming, including vegetables and fisheries in Bangladesh, low-value crops in Nepal and coffee in India. Other chapters also explore contracts, storage, input usage and technical efficiency in these cases. This book serves as an essential guide to academics, researchers, students, legislative liaisons and think tank groups interested in agrarian issues, agricultural economics and agricultural policy in emerging economies and particularly in South Asia.
Author: Asian Development Bank Publisher: Asian Development Bank ISBN: 9292579940 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has shown remarkable progress by consistently building itself into a market-oriented economy, with economic growth in 1986-2016 averaging around 6.5% per annum. The rapid and sustained growth brought about changes in the structure of output, but did not alter job composition: resource-based products still dominate in industry, low value-added jobs in services, and 65% of the labor force in agriculture. This country diagnostic study provides comprehensive analysis and identifies promising new drivers of growth which the Lao PDR can develop to diversify its production structure and speed up structural transformation.
Author: Kyle, Jordan Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 84
Book Description
In this paper we explore the implications of Nepal’s new federal Constitution—passed in September 2015—for governance of the agricultural sector. Agriculture is the backbone of the Nepali economy, providing a livelihood for approximately two-thirds of the population, contributing one-third of the country’s GDP, and constituting more than half of the country’s exports. In transitioning from a unitary to a federal republic—with greater authority and autonomy granted to subnational units of government—it is of paramount importance to ensure that the agricultural sector is guided by coordinated planning, retains sufficient human capacity, and receives adequate fiscal resources. These considerations are particularly important given that the governance of Nepal’s agricultural sector already suffers from poor coordination, low human resources capacity, and inadequate financial resources. Addressing these issues may become more difficult under a federal structure. This paper begins by laying out the main challenges for agricultural governance in Nepal under the current structure. To do so, it relies on an original survey of 100 district agricultural and livestock officers in charge of local agricultural service delivery in Nepal as well as perspectives collected through more than two dozen semi-structured interviews with officials from the Ministry of Agricultural Development, the Ministry of Livestock Development, civil society, the private sector, and donors. Because Nepal is embarking on a pathway to more decentralized governance, which has been well-trodden by a number of other countries, the paper proceeds by examining five case studies, drawing lessons from India, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, and South Africa. Based on these analyses, the paper offers policy recommendations on how the sector can be restructured to meet the constitutional provisions, while simultaneously ensuring that the government can deliver on its long-term objectives to develop the agricultural sector.
Author: Birthal, Pratap S. Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
Over the past few decades, the agricultural sector of Southeast Asia has experienced robust growth and undergone a structural transformation albeit differentially across the countries in the region. The main aims of this paper are to understand the process of transformation and sources of growth in agriculture in the broader context of economy-wide changes in domestic and international markets, and to suggest technological, institutional and policy measures for faster, efficient and sustainable growth. Our findings show faster growth in agriculture in comparatively low-income countries, with technological change, area expansion and diversification being the main drivers. On the other hand, agricultural growth in high-income countries has been relatively slow, and driven by price increases, mainly of the export-oriented commercial crops, such as oil-palm, rubber and coconut; and also, by area expansion. In view of the fixed supply of land and high volatility in global food prices, area and price driven growth is unlikely to sustain in the long-run. For efficient, sustainable and inclusive growth, the recourse has to be with exploiting potential of (i) existing and frontier technologies, by investing more in agricultural research and extension systems, and (ii) diversification of production portfolio towards higher-value food commodities by strengthening institutions that link farmers to remunerative markets; and investing in post-harvest infrastructure for food processing.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251095140 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
The proportion of people in the Asia-Pacific region suffering from hunger has halved, although the overall rate of progress remains lower than desired. This year's report includes a special section focusing on milk and smallholder dairy farms, in light of the remarkable growth seen in this area.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264272399 Category : Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
This report explores effective policy solutions to the current and future challenges related to food security in the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). While robust GDP growth, rising agricultural productivity and output, and strong growth in agricultural incomes ...
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan
Author: Stads, Gert-Jan
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Ashok K. Mishra
Author: Asian Development Bank
Author: Kyle, Jordan
Author: Birthal, Pratap S.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: OECD