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Author: Kathryn Aimee Fuller Publisher: ISBN: Category : Indians of North America Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
This retrospective study examined the prevalence of mental health disorders, co-occurring disorders (COD), and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATOD) among a sample of urban-dwelling adult American Indian and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) seeking behavioral health services from one metropolitan Indian clinic in Southwestern United States. A descriptive quantitative design employed retrospective data from AI/AN subjects (N = 123) verified as tribally enrolled and receiving outpatient behavioral health services. Chart abstraction included patient demographics, substance use and mental health diagnoses, and ATOD scores from the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Addiction Severity Index-NAV (ASI-NAV). The t-test compared gender differences and age at first use of commonly abused substances. Chi-Square (x2) determined proportional differences among gender, mental health, ATOD, and COD. Logistic regression examined contributory factors increasing the likelihood of a mental health or substance use disorder (SUD). This urban adult AI/AN sample was evenly distributed by gender (64 males, 59 females), with a mean age of 38.94 years (SD = 11.01). Prevalence rate for current smokers was 44%, similar to nationwide data. Findings included diagnoses of mental health disorders (79%), substance abuse disorders (76%), and co-occurring disorders (55%). For those subjects who completed the PHQ-9 (n = 46), the prevalence rate for depression was 61%; the prevalence of depression among the 122 subjects with ICD-9 depression codes was 65%. ASI-NAV composite scores (CS) in subject charts (n = 43) demonstrated positive, statistically significant correlations between the psychosocial CS of alcohol use, legal (r=.35), family (r=.37), and psychiatry (r=.32); drug use, legal (r=.32), and family (r=.36). Legal also positively correlated with medical (r=.38), and family with psychiatry (r=.38). Logistic regression identified one predictor as statistically reliable in mental health (housing) and two predictors in distinguishing status of substance abuse (unemployment and education). Subjects with higher levels of education were less likely to have a diagnosed SUD. Health care providers rely on accurate data. Discerning the prevalence of mental health and substance use disorders when treating a growing native population ensures that culturally appropriate treatments are focused on the reduction of health disparities.
Author: Kathryn Aimee Fuller Publisher: ISBN: Category : Indians of North America Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
This retrospective study examined the prevalence of mental health disorders, co-occurring disorders (COD), and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATOD) among a sample of urban-dwelling adult American Indian and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) seeking behavioral health services from one metropolitan Indian clinic in Southwestern United States. A descriptive quantitative design employed retrospective data from AI/AN subjects (N = 123) verified as tribally enrolled and receiving outpatient behavioral health services. Chart abstraction included patient demographics, substance use and mental health diagnoses, and ATOD scores from the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Addiction Severity Index-NAV (ASI-NAV). The t-test compared gender differences and age at first use of commonly abused substances. Chi-Square (x2) determined proportional differences among gender, mental health, ATOD, and COD. Logistic regression examined contributory factors increasing the likelihood of a mental health or substance use disorder (SUD). This urban adult AI/AN sample was evenly distributed by gender (64 males, 59 females), with a mean age of 38.94 years (SD = 11.01). Prevalence rate for current smokers was 44%, similar to nationwide data. Findings included diagnoses of mental health disorders (79%), substance abuse disorders (76%), and co-occurring disorders (55%). For those subjects who completed the PHQ-9 (n = 46), the prevalence rate for depression was 61%; the prevalence of depression among the 122 subjects with ICD-9 depression codes was 65%. ASI-NAV composite scores (CS) in subject charts (n = 43) demonstrated positive, statistically significant correlations between the psychosocial CS of alcohol use, legal (r=.35), family (r=.37), and psychiatry (r=.32); drug use, legal (r=.32), and family (r=.36). Legal also positively correlated with medical (r=.38), and family with psychiatry (r=.38). Logistic regression identified one predictor as statistically reliable in mental health (housing) and two predictors in distinguishing status of substance abuse (unemployment and education). Subjects with higher levels of education were less likely to have a diagnosed SUD. Health care providers rely on accurate data. Discerning the prevalence of mental health and substance use disorders when treating a growing native population ensures that culturally appropriate treatments are focused on the reduction of health disparities.
Author: Laurence Armand French Ph.D. Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN: 0313003106 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
Substance abuse is a major health and social problem plaguing Native Americans both historically and today. After presenting the social and psychological factors that have contributed to Native American addictions and the patterns of behavior and circumstances associated with this complex and widespread problem, French discusses the treatment, intervention, and prevention issues facing therapists. He also explores the development and consequences of a new form of addiction, compulsive gambling, focusing on its relationship to substance abuse. A major contribution of this volume is its review and critique of regulatory acts documenting federal policy.
Author: United States. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Office of Applied Studies Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Author: Isaac Weaver Publisher: ISBN: Category : Discourse analysis, Narrative Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
Few studies have examined mental health treatment and utilization among urban American Indians and Alaska Natives (UAI/AN) diagnosed with psychiatric and substance abuse related disorders (P/SA). What little is known makes clear that UAI/AN experience P/SA at elevated rates, and that in spite of efforts to culturally tailor treatment, utilization rates remain low among UAI/AN (Sue, 1977). It is likely that utilization rates remain low among UAI/AN because there are few studies that directly examine the perspectives of P/SA among UAI/AN, rendering it a challenge to develop treatments that are culturally appropriate, relevant, and effective (Campbell et al., 2015; Dickerson, Brown, Johnson, Schweigman, & D'Amico, 2016; Hartmann & Gone, 2012; Kropp, Lilleskov, Richards, & Somoza, 2014; Moghaddam, Momper, & Fong, 2015; West, William, Suzukovich, Strangeman, & Novins, 2012). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of how UAI/AN experience, explain, and make treatment decisions related to their P/SA, and how this may influence mental health care utilization. A semi-structured interview of questions adapted from three versions of Kleinman's "Eight Questions" (Kleinman, 1980, 1988; Kleinman, Eisenberg, & Good, 1978), as well as several questions from protocols used in studies that have examined explanatory model of illness narratives (Hsiao, Klimidis, Minas, & Tan, 2008; Shyu, Tsai, & Tsai, 2010; Waite & Killian, 2009; Wilcox et al., 2007) was used to elicit the narratives of 13 AI/AN who had received behavioral health and substance abuse services at an Urban Indian Healthcare Organization (UIHO) in a midwestern city. Narratives were analyzed using a grounded theory analytic approach (Corbin & Strauss, 2008) to further develop knowledge of how UAI/AN experience, explain, and make treatment decisions related to their P/SA, and how this may influence treatment utilization at a UIHO. Keywords: American Indian, Native American, urban, illness narratives, utilization, explanatory model of illness, qualitative.
Author: Tawa M. Witko Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA) ISBN: Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
"Mental Health Care for Urban Indians: Clinical Insights From Native Practitioners is the first clinical book written by American Indian scholars working in Indian communities. This groundbreaking volume provides the reader with a basic understanding of the historical impact of colonization, the ensuing results of urban migration and boarding schools, and the effects that these events have had on the Native community. These lingering effects include a lack of cultural identity, a loss of tradition, and a sense of isolation that may lead to violence, alcoholism, and risky behaviors. Chapter authors acknowledge this history while developing culturally sensitive practice recommendations that incorporate traditional healing methods. This will be an invaluable resource for psychologists and other helping professionals who work with Native clients"--Jacket. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309486483 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
The opioid crisis in the United States has come about because of excessive use of these drugs for both legal and illicit purposes and unprecedented levels of consequent opioid use disorder (OUD). More than 2 million people in the United States are estimated to have OUD, which is caused by prolonged use of prescription opioids, heroin, or other illicit opioids. OUD is a life-threatening condition associated with a 20-fold greater risk of early death due to overdose, infectious diseases, trauma, and suicide. Mortality related to OUD continues to escalate as this public health crisis gathers momentum across the country, with opioid overdoses killing more than 47,000 people in 2017 in the United States. Efforts to date have made no real headway in stemming this crisis, in large part because tools that already existâ€"like evidence-based medicationsâ€"are not being deployed to maximum impact. To support the dissemination of accurate patient-focused information about treatments for addiction, and to help provide scientific solutions to the current opioid crisis, this report studies the evidence base on medication assisted treatment (MAT) for OUD. It examines available evidence on the range of parameters and circumstances in which MAT can be effectively delivered and identifies additional research needed.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309452961 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 583
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309459575 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 483
Book Description
Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309466601 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
Approximately 4 million U.S. service members took part in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Shortly after troops started returning from their deployments, some active-duty service members and veterans began experiencing mental health problems. Given the stressors associated with war, it is not surprising that some service members developed such mental health conditions as posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and substance use disorder. Subsequent epidemiologic studies conducted on military and veteran populations that served in the operations in Afghanistan and Iraq provided scientific evidence that those who fought were in fact being diagnosed with mental illnesses and experiencing mental healthâ€"related outcomesâ€"in particular, suicideâ€"at a higher rate than the general population. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the quality, capacity, and access to mental health care services for veterans who served in the Armed Forces in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn. It includes an analysis of not only the quality and capacity of mental health care services within the Department of Veterans Affairs, but also barriers faced by patients in utilizing those services.
Author: Kathryn Aimee Fuller
Author: Kathryn Aimee Fuller
Author: Laurence Armand French Ph.D.
Author: 
Author: United States. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Office of Applied Studies
Author: Isaac Weaver
Author: Tawa M. Witko
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine