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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Arms control Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
This paper analyzes the state of Middle East Track-II projects since the 1990s, the failure of the ACRS working group, and how a better understanding of security norms and public opinion can improve Track-II collaboration and produce long-term results. The first section of the paper provides a summary of NGO activities, and how their work relates to the development of a regional security regime. The projects featured in this paper are by no means exhaustive, but are intended to represent the variety of forms and objectives Track-II efforts have traditionally taken in the region. The second section provides a review of perspectives on international norm diffusion and the influence of public opinion on policymaking. Building on this foundation, the third section provides an outline of the goals, structure and composition of an unofficial regional security coalition between NGO partners in the Middle East.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Arms control Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
This paper analyzes the state of Middle East Track-II projects since the 1990s, the failure of the ACRS working group, and how a better understanding of security norms and public opinion can improve Track-II collaboration and produce long-term results. The first section of the paper provides a summary of NGO activities, and how their work relates to the development of a regional security regime. The projects featured in this paper are by no means exhaustive, but are intended to represent the variety of forms and objectives Track-II efforts have traditionally taken in the region. The second section provides a review of perspectives on international norm diffusion and the influence of public opinion on policymaking. Building on this foundation, the third section provides an outline of the goals, structure and composition of an unofficial regional security coalition between NGO partners in the Middle East.
Author: Hussein Agha Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262261425 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Track-II talks in the Middle East—unofficial discussions among Israeli and Arab scholars, journalists, and former government and military officials—have been going on since soon after the 1967 Six Day War and have often paved the way for official negotiations. This book, a unique collaboration of Israeli and Palestinian authors, traces the history of these unofficial meetings, focusing on those that took place in the 1990s beginning just after the Gulf War. These talks were carried on without media coverage, and this book is the first sustained account of what took place. It is the inside story—the authors themselves participated in some of these discussions and interviewed participants in others.After describing the background of early Arab-Israeli discussions, the authors present six case studies of Track-II talks in the 1990s: the 1992-1993 discussions in Norway that led to the Oslo accords; Palestinian-Israeli talks held in the early 1990s under the auspices of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Israeli-Syrian meetings of 1992-1994; the 1994-1995 Stockholm talks convened by the Swedish government; talks held in 1995-1996 between Israeli settlers and representatives of the Palestinian Authority; and arms control and regional security discussions throughout the decade. Despite their different perspectives, the book's two Israeli and two Palestinian authors are able to reach shared conclusions about the effectiveness and consequences of Track-II talks. Track-II Diplomacy not only makes a valuable contribution to the historical record of Arab-Israeli diplomacy but also offers insights into the role of informal and non-official discussions in resolving conflicts.
Author: Dalia Dassa Kaye Publisher: Rand Corporation ISBN: 0833041916 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 167
Book Description
Kaye (RAND) has written a thorough, thoughtful analysis of track two diplomacy in the two most difficult areas to practice this craft: South Asia and the Middle East. She includes descriptions and comments on a number of such efforts in both regions, which will be invaluable to both scholar and professional negotiators. Her discussion of the roles for track two talks--socializing elites, making others' ideas one's own, and turning ideas into policies--would be useful in any negotiation course. With respect to work in the two regions, Kaye speaks insightfully of projects under way: their potential, constraints, and the role of the regional environment. Her suggestion that each region may learn from the tribulation of the other is arguably thoughtful. Her suggestions for improvement--expand the types of participants, create institutional support and mentors, and localize the dialogues--deserve further study.
Author: Rathnam Indurthy Publisher: Page Publishing Inc ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
The Middle East is the center of three great ancient civilizations--Egyptian, Babylonian, and Persian. It is also the seat of four monotheistic religions--Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam. Because of the strategic location between the West and the East, the Middle East, since the early nineteenth century, became the fulcrum of competition among and between great powers, including Czarist Russia, and it became intensified with the outbreak of the Cold War the end of the World War II between the two superpowers--the US and the Soviet Union--and with the creation of Israel in 1948 and the discovery of oil. And it remains as such even after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The region became an epicenter of the Arab-Israeli conflict, Islamic fundamentalism, Islamic terrorism, irredentism, and sectarian wars. The region remains politically unstable and unpredictable, given the fact it is run by autocratic regimes and dynastic monarchies except for Israel, a functioning democracy. So the purpose of this work is to introduce students and the general readers to this region's history--the founding of Islam, its spread and split, the Ottoman Empire and its fall, the Western colonization and its end, and the emergence of independent Arab states. The also work examines the domestic, regional, and international of nine countries--the frontline and the Persian Gulf states in the context of the Arab-Israeli conflict in terms of its impact and nonimpact over them, with the exception of Turkey. An understanding of the region hopefully should help us deal with the vicissitudes and the complexities, given our dependence on the region's oil and the sea shipping through the Suez Canal and the Persian Gulf.
Author: Emilie M. Hafner-Burton Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 0801458706 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 235
Book Description
Preferential trade agreements have become common ways to protect or restrict access to national markets in products and services. The United States has signed trade agreements with almost two dozen countries as close as Mexico and Canada and as distant as Morocco and Australia. The European Union has done the same. In addition to addressing economic issues, these agreements also regulate the protection of human rights. In Forced to Be Good, Emilie M. Hafner-Burton tells the story of the politics of such agreements and of the ways in which governments pursue market integration policies that advance their own political interests, including human rights. How and why do global norms for social justice become international regulations linked to seemingly unrelated issues, such as trade? Hafner-Burton finds that the process has been unconventional. Efforts by human rights advocates and labor unions to spread human rights ideals, for example, do not explain why American and European governments employ preferential trade agreements to protect human rights. Instead, most of the regulations protecting human rights are codified in global moral principles and laws only because they serve policymakers' interests in accumulating power or resources or solving other problems. Otherwise, demands by moral advocates are tossed aside. And, as Hafner-Burton shows, even the inclusion of human rights protections in trade agreements is no guarantee of real change, because many of the governments that sign on to fair trade regulations oppose such protections and do not intend to force their implementation. Ultimately, Hafner-Burton finds that, despite the difficulty of enforcing good regulations and the less-than-noble motives for including them, trade agreements that include human rights provisions have made a positive difference in the lives of some of the people they are intended-on paper, at least-to protect.
Author: Heidi Burgess Publisher: Peacemaker Toolkits ISBN: 9781601270696 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In the conflict resolution realm, track II peacemaking or diplomacy has become increasingly common, complementing the more formal track I peacemaking efforts in myriad ways and at various points throughout a peace process. "Conducting Track II Peacemaking" presents the process of track II intervention as a series of steps that guide peacemakers in coordinating various track II efforts to maximize their positive impacts.Written for both track I and track II actors, this handbook: * illuminates the role and importance of track II activities; * charts a wide range of track II activities, from assessment, conception, and planning through to implementation and evaluation; and, * discusses the need to ensure that different peacemaking efforts support and reinforce one another.This volume is the seventh in the Peacemaker s Toolkit series. Each handbook addresses a facet of the work of mediating violent conflicts, including such topics as negotiations with terrorists, constitution making, assessing and enhancing ripeness, and debriefing mediators."
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Author: Rathnam Indurthy
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