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Author: Christine Michelle Fennessey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Microbial respiration Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Microbial iron respiration contributes significantly to the biogeochemical cycling of metals and may be one of the earliest respiratory processes to have evolved on early earth. Metal-respiring microbes also hold great potential for use in microbial fuel cells for the generation of "green" energy and for remediation of radionuclides in contaminated environments. Despite its significance in global metal cycling processes, the molecular mechanism of Fe(III) respiration has yet to be determined. Unlike many other terminal electron acceptors, Fe(III) is a solid at circumneutral pH and, therefore, cannot come into direct contact with the microbial inner membrane: the site of terminal electron transfer in gram-negative bacteria. It is postulated that metal-respiring organisms have developed alternate strategies for the reduction of solid iron. One such strategy involves the production of an Fe(III)-solublizing ligand by the metal-respiring bacteria which solubilizes the Fe(III) prior to respiration, rendering the metal more easily accessible to the Fe(III) reductase complex. :In this study, the genes involved in the solubilization of Fe(III) by the gram-negative dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were determined using random mutagenesis to generate mutations in the wild-type genome and high-throughput square-wave voltammetry to screen for the attenuation of Fe(III) production in the mutants. Two mutants unable to solubilize Fe(III) were identified and designated d29 and d64. After mutation complementation analysis, it was determined that the point mutations were both located in type II secretion genes: gspG and gspE respectively, indicating that the type II secretion system is required for Fe(III) solubilization prior to respiration.
Author: Christine Michelle Fennessey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Microbial respiration Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Microbial iron respiration contributes significantly to the biogeochemical cycling of metals and may be one of the earliest respiratory processes to have evolved on early earth. Metal-respiring microbes also hold great potential for use in microbial fuel cells for the generation of "green" energy and for remediation of radionuclides in contaminated environments. Despite its significance in global metal cycling processes, the molecular mechanism of Fe(III) respiration has yet to be determined. Unlike many other terminal electron acceptors, Fe(III) is a solid at circumneutral pH and, therefore, cannot come into direct contact with the microbial inner membrane: the site of terminal electron transfer in gram-negative bacteria. It is postulated that metal-respiring organisms have developed alternate strategies for the reduction of solid iron. One such strategy involves the production of an Fe(III)-solublizing ligand by the metal-respiring bacteria which solubilizes the Fe(III) prior to respiration, rendering the metal more easily accessible to the Fe(III) reductase complex. :In this study, the genes involved in the solubilization of Fe(III) by the gram-negative dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were determined using random mutagenesis to generate mutations in the wild-type genome and high-throughput square-wave voltammetry to screen for the attenuation of Fe(III) production in the mutants. Two mutants unable to solubilize Fe(III) were identified and designated d29 and d64. After mutation complementation analysis, it was determined that the point mutations were both located in type II secretion genes: gspG and gspE respectively, indicating that the type II secretion system is required for Fe(III) solubilization prior to respiration.
Author: Elizabeth A.H. Pilon-Smits Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319562495 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
This book covers many facets of plant selenium (Se) accumulation: molecular genetics, biochemistry, physiology, and ecological and evolutionary aspects. Broader impacts and applications of plant Se accumulation also receive attention. Plant Se accumulation is very relevant for environmental and human health. Selenium is both essential at low levels and toxic at high levels, and both Se deficiency and toxicity are problems worldwide. Selenium can positively affect crop productivity and nutritional value. Plants may also be used to clean up excess environmental Se. Selenium in plants has profound ecological impact, and likely contributes to Se movement in ecosystems and global Se cycling.
Author: Christopher J. Kowles Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351079948 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
It is the aim of this book to present reviews on a wide range of aspects of bacterial respiratory systems. Because the on-going publication elsewhere of reviews on bacterial respiration, ablanket coverage of the field has not been attempted. Rather, a range of topics have been selected, either because they are of special current interest, they have not been reviewed recently, or they have never been reviewed.
Author: Nina Parker Publisher: ISBN: 9781938168147 Category : Microbiology Languages : en Pages : 1301
Book Description
"Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology's art program enhances students' understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs. Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology."--BC Campus website.
Author: Byung Hong Kim Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107171733 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 509
Book Description
Extensive and up-to-date review of key metabolic processes in bacteria and archaea and how metabolism is regulated under various conditions.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080860567 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 643
Book Description
Established almost 30 years ago, Methods in Microbiology is the most prestigious series devoted to techniques and methodology in the field. Now totally revamped, revitalized, with a new format and expanded scope, Methods in Microbiology will continue to provide you with tried and tested, cutting-edge protocols to directly benefit your research. Focuses on the methods most useful for the microbiologist interested in the way in which bacteria cause disease Includes section devoted to 'Approaches to characterising pathogenic mechanisms' by Stanley Falkow Covers safety aspects, detection, identification and speciation Includes techniques for the study of host interactions and reactions in animals and plants Describes biochemical and molecular genetic approaches Essential methods for gene expression and analysis Covers strategies and problems for disease control
Author: Byung Hong Kim Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 113946762X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 934
Book Description
Recent determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria has made in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function essential in order to give biochemical, physiological, and ecological meaning to the genomic information. Clearly describing the important metabolic processes that occur in prokaryotes under different conditions and in different environments, this advanced text provides an overview of the key cellular processes that determine bacterial roles in the environment, biotechnology, and human health. Prokaryotic structure is described as well as the means by which nutrients are transported into cells across membranes. Glucose metabolism through glycolysis and the TCA cycle are discussed, as well as other trophic variations found in prokaryotes, including the use of organic compounds, anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic respiratory processes, and photosynthesis. The regulation of metabolism through control of gene expression and control of the activity of enzymes is also covered, as well as survival mechanisms used under starvation conditions.
Author: Maximilian Lackner Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351649604 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Rapid detection and indication of the microbiological quality of liquids is an emerging topic that has high potential for numerous applications in the fields of environmental monitoring, industrial process control and medical surveillance. Latest technologies allow online and near-real-time quantitative or qualitative microbial measurements with a significantly higher temporal resolution than traditional methods. Such novel developments will significantly enhance quality monitoring of water resources and liquids and have great capability for automation, control and optimization of industrial processes. Therefore, such methods are assumed to have major impacts on scientific research and technical applications in the near future. The book presents cutting edge research on frontiers in microbiological detection from leading experts: Seven chapters containing review articles on emerging and state-of-the-art online and near-real-time methods of microorganism detection and – indication are giving a comprehensive insight into this novel field. A balance between chapters from industry and contributions from academia was aimed for, covering the broad field of microbiological quality of waters and liquids in environmental, industrial and medical systems. This handbook also contains an extensive glossary pointing out and describing relevant terms and definitions. This handbook is the first of its kind and is a timely, comprehensive source of information for researchers and engineers in the areas of biotechnology, environmental sciences, control technology and the process industries.
Author: Johannes Gescher Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642328679 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 237
Book Description
Microbes can respire on metals. This seemingly simple finding is one of the major discoveries that were made in the field of microbiology in the last few decades. The importance of this observation is evident. Metals are highly abundant on our planet. Iron is even the most abundant element on Earth and the forth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Hence, in some environments iron, but also other metals or metalloids, are the dominant respiratory electron acceptors. Their reduction massively drives the carbon cycle in these environments and establishes redox cycles of the metallic electron acceptors themselves. These redox cycles are not only a driving force for other biotic reactions but are furthermore necessary for initiating a number of geochemically relevant abiotic redox conversions. Although widespread and ecologically influential, electron transfer onto metals like ferric iron or manganese is biochemically challenging. The challenge is to transfer respiratory electrons onto metals that occur in nature at neutral pH in the form of metal oxides or oxihydroxides that are effectively insoluble. Obviously, it is necessary that the microbes specially adapt in order to catalyze the electron transfer onto insoluble electron acceptors. The elucidation of these adaptations is an exciting ongoing process. To sum it up, dissimilatory metal reduction has wide-spread implications in the field of microbiology, biochemistry and geochemistry and its discovery was one of the major reasons to establish a novel scientific field called geomicrobiology. Recently, the discovery of potential applications of dissimilatory metal reducers in bioremediation or current production in a microbial fuel cell further increased the interest in studying microbial metal reduction.
Author: Christine Michelle Fennessey
Author: Christine Michelle Fennessey
Author: Elizabeth A.H. Pilon-Smits
Author: Christopher J. Kowles
Author: Bruce Alberts
Author: Nina Parker
Author: Byung Hong Kim
Author: 
Author: Byung Hong Kim
Author: Maximilian Lackner
Author: Johannes Gescher