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Author: Hector Rubini Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This paper presents an extension of Lucas' model of endogenous growth with human capital, showing some linkages with financial intermediation. The model offered in this paper does not imply a univocal relationship between the rates of inflation and economic growth, but it bears an explicit Baumol-Tobin money demand function and a negative association between transactions costs and economic growth. The impact on growth of financial liberalization and every other policy intended to lower transactions costs is twofold. There is a direct positive effect and an ambiguous indirect effect through real balances depending on: (a) the inflation-elasticity of money demand function and the level of the rate of inflation, and (b) the indirect effects on inflation through the marginal productivity of physical capital. Changes in transaction costs do not alter the stock of real balances when the indirect effect through the marginal productivity of physical capital is negligible. In the presence of rational expectations, the effect of the rate of inflation on growth is not definite because the inflation tax revenues exhibit a Laffer curve shape.=20 Complementary simulations with data from the Argentine economy show that the effect of increases in public expenditure on education is not as significant as increases in the external effects of education. Unfortunately it is not easy to separate those effects and to foresee the impact of financial liberalizations. A promising way could be the design of cost efficient court procedures and regulations, but it exceeds the scope of this paper.
Author: Hector Rubini Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This paper presents an extension of Lucas' model of endogenous growth with human capital, showing some linkages with financial intermediation. The model offered in this paper does not imply a univocal relationship between the rates of inflation and economic growth, but it bears an explicit Baumol-Tobin money demand function and a negative association between transactions costs and economic growth. The impact on growth of financial liberalization and every other policy intended to lower transactions costs is twofold. There is a direct positive effect and an ambiguous indirect effect through real balances depending on: (a) the inflation-elasticity of money demand function and the level of the rate of inflation, and (b) the indirect effects on inflation through the marginal productivity of physical capital. Changes in transaction costs do not alter the stock of real balances when the indirect effect through the marginal productivity of physical capital is negligible. In the presence of rational expectations, the effect of the rate of inflation on growth is not definite because the inflation tax revenues exhibit a Laffer curve shape.=20 Complementary simulations with data from the Argentine economy show that the effect of increases in public expenditure on education is not as significant as increases in the external effects of education. Unfortunately it is not easy to separate those effects and to foresee the impact of financial liberalizations. A promising way could be the design of cost efficient court procedures and regulations, but it exceeds the scope of this paper.
Author: Franklin Allen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Economic development Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
Central bankers in the major industrial economies have come close to securing the peace, or in some cases, have secured it in the battle against inflation, hostilities that lasted almost as long as the Cold War. It is important to remember that this battle has been a good fight: Both the theory and the empirics reviewed in this paper support the central tenet of central banking that lower inflation supports faster economic growth. However, the observation that low inflation is associated with a macroeconomic benefit does not imply that disinflation should be pursued without limit. A particularly compelling argument in the body of work on the optimal inflation rate is the view that price deflation, or even very low inflation, may pose unacceptable macroeconomic risks given the lower bound of nominal interest rates of zero. Empirical work in this paper suggests that the zero bound is not an artifact of theoreticians but a palpable reality. That said, the perils of the zero bound to nominal interest rates may be seen as less threatening if a central bank is willing to be both aggressive in providing policy accommodation when the economy may be nearing the zero bound and flexible in using the available tools of policy.
Author: Ross Levine Publisher: ISBN: Category : Economic development Languages : en Pages : 130
Book Description
"This paper reviews, appraises, and critiques theoretical and empirical research on the connections between the operation of the financial system and economic growth. While subject to ample qualifications and countervailing views, the preponderance of evidence suggests that both financial intermediaries and markets matter for growth and that reverse causality alone is not driving this relationship. Furthermore, theory and evidence imply that better developed financial systems ease external financing constraints facing firms, which illuminates one mechanism through which financial development influences economic growth. The paper highlights many areas needing additional research"--NBER website
Author: Mr.Pablo Emilio Guidotti Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451852452 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
This paper examines the empirical relationship between long–run growth and the degree of financial development, proxied by the ratio of bank credit to the private sector as a fraction of GDP. We find that this proxy enters significantly and with a positive sign in growth regressions on a large cross–country sample, but with a negative sign using panel data for Latin America. Our findings suggest that the main channel of transmission from financial development to growth is the efficiency of investment, rather than its volume. We also present a model where the negative correlation between financial intermediation and growth results from financial liberalization in a poor regulatory environment.
Author: Asli Demirgüç-Kunt Publisher: ISBN: 9781785367427 Category : Economic development Languages : en Pages : 1616
Book Description
This two-volume collection brings together major contributions to the study of finance and growth. It includes conceptual and empirical papers that use a range of methodologies to discover the connections between financial systems - including financial contracts, markets, and intermediaries - and the functioning of the economy - including economic growth, entrepreneurship, technological innovation, poverty alleviation, the distribution of income, and the structure and volatility of economies. It also discusses contributions to the study of the legal, political, institutional, social capital and policy determinants of financial development. With an original introduction by the editors, this collection is an important resource for students, academics and practitioners.
Author: Philippe Aghion Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262553104 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 519
Book Description
A comprehensive, rigorous, and up-to-date introduction to growth economics that presents all the major growth paradigms and shows how they can be used to analyze the growth process and growth policy design. This comprehensive introduction to economic growth presents the main facts and puzzles about growth, proposes simple methods and models needed to explain these facts, acquaints the reader with the most recent theoretical and empirical developments, and provides tools with which to analyze policy design. The treatment of growth theory is fully accessible to students with a background no more advanced than elementary calculus and probability theory; the reader need not master all the subtleties of dynamic programming and stochastic processes to learn what is essential about such issues as cross-country convergence, the effects of financial development on growth, and the consequences of globalization. The book, which grew out of courses taught by the authors at Harvard and Brown universities, can be used both by advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and as a reference for professional economists in government or international financial organizations. The Economics of Growth first presents the main growth paradigms: the neoclassical model, the AK model, Romer's product variety model, and the Schumpeterian model. The text then builds on the main paradigms to shed light on the dynamic process of growth and development, discussing such topics as club convergence, directed technical change, the transition from Malthusian stagnation to sustained growth, general purpose technologies, and the recent debate over institutions versus human capital as the primary factor in cross-country income differences. Finally, the book focuses on growth policies—analyzing the effects of liberalizing market competition and entry, education policy, trade liberalization, environmental and resource constraints, and stabilization policy—and the methodology of growth policy design. All chapters include literature reviews and problem sets. An appendix covers basic concepts of econometrics.
Author: Mr.Jean-Louis Arcand Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1475526105 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
This paper examines whether there is a threshold above which financial development no longer has a positive effect on economic growth. We use different empirical approaches to show that there can indeed be "too much" finance. In particular, our results suggest that finance starts having a negative effect on output growth when credit to the private sector reaches 100% of GDP. We show that our results are consistent with the "vanishing effect" of financial development and that they are not driven by output volatility, banking crises, low institutional quality, or by differences in bank regulation and supervision.
Author: Asli Demirguc-Kunt Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Access to Finance Languages : en Pages : 82
Book Description
Abstract: The first part of this paper reviews the literature on the relation between finance and growth. The second part of the paper reviews the literature on the historical and policy determinants of financial development. Governments play a central role in shaping the operation of financial systems and the degree to which large segments of the financial system have access to financial services. The paper discusses the relationship between financial sector policies and economic development.
Author: Ms.Valerie Cerra Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1513536990 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
Traditionally, economic growth and business cycles have been treated independently. However, the dependence of GDP levels on its history of shocks, what economists refer to as “hysteresis,” argues for unifying the analysis of growth and cycles. In this paper, we review the recent empirical and theoretical literature that motivate this paradigm shift. The renewed interest in hysteresis has been sparked by the persistence of the Global Financial Crisis and fears of a slow recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The findings of the recent literature have far-reaching conceptual and policy implications. In recessions, monetary and fiscal policies need to be more active to avoid the permanent scars of a downturn. And in good times, running a high-pressure economy could have permanent positive effects.
Author: Hector Rubini
Author: Hector Rubini
Author: Franklin Allen
Author: Maxwell J. Fry
Author: Ross Levine
Author: Mr.Pablo Emilio Guidotti
Author: Asli Demirgüç-Kunt
Author: Philippe Aghion
Author: Mr.Jean-Louis Arcand
Author: Asli Demirguc-Kunt
Author: Ms.Valerie Cerra