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Author: Aaron Emery Watkins Publisher: ISBN: Category : Astronomy Languages : en Pages : 231
Book Description
In this dissertation, I present a series of studies on the low surface brightness outskirts of galaxies, which contain a record of tidal interactions and secular evolution processes. Each study utilized new deep imaging from the Burrell Schmidt Telescope in either broadband filters or narrow-band filters targeting Halpha emission. Regarding tidal interactions, I present a study of the M96 Group (or Leo I Group), as well as deep imaging of the interacting pair M51. I find that the M96 Group’s intragroup light (IGL) consists of only three faint linear streams. I find no stellar counterpart to the group’s H I ring, unusual if it were collisional in origin, and few signs of interaction among its four most massive members, implying a very calm tidal history. In M51, I discover several extremely diffuse plumes of starlight, yet find no stellar counterpart to its H I tail. Additionally, I measure red (B - V ~ 0.8) colors in all of its most extended tidal features, implying dominantly old populations and thus a lack of interaction-induced extended star formation. Regarding secular evolution, I conduct a detailed photometric study of three nearby galaxies’ outer disks. Each outer disk lacks both ongoing star formation and the spiral structure necessary to migrate stars from the inner disk, hence it is unclear how these red outer disks formed. Finally, I conduct a study of the H II regions and diffuse ionized gas (DIG) throughout the M101 Group, to determine whether star formation in low density environments occupies a distinct physical regime from its high density counterpart. I find that the distribution of Halpha/FUV flux ratios (a tracer of the initial mass function, IMF) is constant among all H II region populations throughout the group. Also, the Halpha/FUV ratio in the DIG appears tied only to the local intensity of star formation, leaving little room for changing star formation physics. In total, this dissertation shows that tidal interactions in low-density groups may be infrequent, raises questions about the origin of extended red outer disks, and shows that star formation physics change little with local mass density.
Author: Aaron Emery Watkins Publisher: ISBN: Category : Astronomy Languages : en Pages : 231
Book Description
In this dissertation, I present a series of studies on the low surface brightness outskirts of galaxies, which contain a record of tidal interactions and secular evolution processes. Each study utilized new deep imaging from the Burrell Schmidt Telescope in either broadband filters or narrow-band filters targeting Halpha emission. Regarding tidal interactions, I present a study of the M96 Group (or Leo I Group), as well as deep imaging of the interacting pair M51. I find that the M96 Group’s intragroup light (IGL) consists of only three faint linear streams. I find no stellar counterpart to the group’s H I ring, unusual if it were collisional in origin, and few signs of interaction among its four most massive members, implying a very calm tidal history. In M51, I discover several extremely diffuse plumes of starlight, yet find no stellar counterpart to its H I tail. Additionally, I measure red (B - V ~ 0.8) colors in all of its most extended tidal features, implying dominantly old populations and thus a lack of interaction-induced extended star formation. Regarding secular evolution, I conduct a detailed photometric study of three nearby galaxies’ outer disks. Each outer disk lacks both ongoing star formation and the spiral structure necessary to migrate stars from the inner disk, hence it is unclear how these red outer disks formed. Finally, I conduct a study of the H II regions and diffuse ionized gas (DIG) throughout the M101 Group, to determine whether star formation in low density environments occupies a distinct physical regime from its high density counterpart. I find that the distribution of Halpha/FUV flux ratios (a tracer of the initial mass function, IMF) is constant among all H II region populations throughout the group. Also, the Halpha/FUV ratio in the DIG appears tied only to the local intensity of star formation, leaving little room for changing star formation physics. In total, this dissertation shows that tidal interactions in low-density groups may be infrequent, raises questions about the origin of extended red outer disks, and shows that star formation physics change little with local mass density.
Author: William C. Keel Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781852335748 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
Written by one of the leading authorities in the field, this is one of the first book's to describe one of today's most important problems in cosmology - the formation of galaxies. The book tackles this great puzzle by discusses the beginnings of the process from cosmological observations and calculations, considers the broad features of galaxies that we need to explain and what we know of their later history. The author compares the competing theories for galaxy formation and considers the progress expected from new generations of powerful telescopes both on earth and in space. An intriguing text on one of today's greatest and most profound puzzles.
Author: Francesca Matteucci Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401009678 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 295
Book Description
This book is based partly on a. lecture course given at the University of Tri este, but mostly on my own research experience in the field of galactic chemical evolution. The subject of galactic chemical evolution was started and developed by Beat rice Tinsley in the seventies and now is a flourishing subject. This book is dedi cated to the chemical evolution of our Galaxy and aims at giving an up-to-date review of what we have learned since Tinsley's pioneering efforts. At the time of writing, in fact, books of this kind were not available with the exception of the excellent book by Bernard Pagel on "Nucleosynthesis and Chemical Evolution of Galaxies" (Cambridge University Press, 1997), and the subject of galactic chem ical evolution has appeared only as short chapters in books devoted to other subjects. Therefore, I felt that a book of this kind could be useful. The book summarizes the observational facts which allow us to reconstruct the chemical history of our Galaxy, in particular the abundances in stars and in terstellar medium; in the last decade, a great deal of observational work, mostly abundance determinations in stars in the solar vicinity, has shed light on the pro duction and distribution of chemical elements. Even more recently more abun dance data have accumulated for external galaxies at both low and high redshift, thus providing precious information on the chemical evolution of different types of galaxies and on the early stages of galaxy evolution.
Author: G. Hensler Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401733155 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 684
Book Description
Galaxies have a history: distant galaxies, formed early in the life of the universe, differ from the nearby ones. This book addresses the modeling of galaxy evolution from their cosmological formation to their presently observable structures, presenting the state of the art in the field.
Author: José M. Vilchez Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401733139 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 556
Book Description
Galaxies have a history. This has become clear from recent sky surveys showing that distant galaxies, formed early in the life of the Universe, differ from the nearby ones. This book contains the proceedings of a 2000 conference addressing observational clues in this area.
Author: Marc Sauvage Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781402006227 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 538
Book Description
Galaxies have a history. This has become clear from recent sky surveys which have shown that distant galaxies, formed early in the life of the Universe, differ from the nearby ones. New observational windows at ultraviolet, infrared and millimetric wavelengths (provided by ROSAT, IRAM, IUE, IRAS, ISO) have revealed that galaxies contain a wealth of components: very hot gas, atomic hydrogen, molecules, dust, dark matter ... A significant advance is expected due to new instruments (VLT, FIRST, XMM) which will allow one to explore the most distant Universe. Three Euroconferences have been planned to punctuate this new epoch in galactic research, bringing together specialists in various fields of Astronomy. The first one, held in Granada (Spain) in May 2000, addressed the observational clues. The second one took place in October 2001 in St Denis de la Réunion (France) and reviewed the basic building blocks and small-scale processes in galaxy evolution. The third one will take place in July 2002 in Kiel (Germany) and will be devoted to the overall modelling of galaxy evolution. This book contains the proceedings of the second conference. It is suitable for researchers and PhD students in Astrophysics.
Author: Hyron Spinrad Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540290079 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
An Astronomical Life – Observing the Depths of the Universe” Though science as a subject can be di?cult, what has been more important for me is that its practice can also be rewarding fun! This book is crafted to expose the reader to the excitement of modern observational cosmology through the study of galaxy evolution over space and cosmic time. Recent extragalactic research has led to many rapid advances in the ?eld. Even a suitable skeptic of certain pronouncements about the age and structure of the Universe should be pleased with the large steps that have been taken in furthering our understanding of the Universe since the early 1990’s. My personal involvement in galaxy research goes back to the 1960’s. At that point, galaxies were easily recognized and partially understood as organized c- lections of stars and gas. What their masses were presented a problem, which I supposed would just fade away. But fade it didn’t. Distant active nuclei and quasars were discovered in the mid-1960’s. A c- mon view of QSOs was that they have large redshifts, but what use are they for cosmology or normal galaxy astrophysics? I shared that conclusion. My expec- tions fell below their potential utility. In short, the Universe of our expectations rarely matches the Universe as it is discovered.
Author: Tommy Wiklind Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642323626 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 434
Book Description
New observations of the period between the cosmic recombination and the end of reionization are posing intriguing questions about where the first generations of stars were formed, how the first galaxies were assembled, whether these galaxies have low redshift counterparts, and what role the early galaxies played in the reionization process. Combining the new observational data with theoretical models can shed new light on open issues regarding the star formation process, its role in the reionization of the Universe, and the metal enrichment in galaxies at those early epochs. This volume brings together leading experts in the field to discuss our current level of understanding and what may come in the near future as our observational as well as theoretical tools improve. The book confronts the theory of how the first stars, black holes, and galaxies formed with current and planned observations. This synthesis is very timely, just ahead of the establishment of major new facilities, such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a next-generation, millimeter/sub-millimeter observatory in the Atacama desert (ALMA), and ground-based Extremely Large Telescopes (ELT). Together, they will revolutionize the study of the most distant objects in the Universe. This volume is aimed at beginning graduate students but can also serve as a reference work for active researchers in the field. Apart from presenting the fundamental concepts involved, it also provides an introduction to the methods and techniques used. The book will also be useful to anyone with an astrophysical background who needs an effective starting point for learning about the first stars and galaxies.
Author: Xiaolei Zhang Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110525445 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 421
Book Description
This research monograph presents a new dynamical framework for the study of secular morphological evolution of galaxies along the Hubble sequence. Classical approaches based on Boltzmann’s kinetic equation, as well as on its moment-equation descendants the Euler and Navier-Stokes fluid equations, are inadequate for treating the maintenance and long-term evolution of systems containing self-organized structures such as galactic density-wave modes. A global and synthetic approach, incorporating correlated fluctuations of the constituent particles during a nonequilibrium phase transition, is adopted to supplement the continuum treatment. The cutting-edge research combining analytical, N-body simulational, and observational aspects, as well as the fundamental-physics connections it provides, make this work a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students in astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, many-body physics, complexity theory, and other related fields. Contents Dynamical Drivers of Galaxy Evolution N-Body Simulations of Galaxy Evolution Astrophysical Implications of the Dynamical Theory Putting It All Together Concluding Remarks Appendix: Relation to Kinetics and Fluid Mechanics
Author: David H Hughes Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814492094 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 223
Book Description
The arrival of large submillimeter and millimeter-wave detector arrays opened a new window on galaxy formation and evolution. The major new facilities now being designed or constructed, such as ALMA (MMA) and the Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT), will soon be expanding the horizons even farther.The Conference on “Deep Millimeter Surveys: Implications for Galaxy Formation and Evolution” drew together the major international groups working on submillimeter and millimeter-wave galaxies to discuss their relation to other galaxies both near by and in the early Universe, the role of the LMT and other new facilities in advancing the new field, and the implications of the new results and models for our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The resulting compendium of reports on observations, simulations, theory and interpretation, and instrumentation is the first book to present the new millimeter view of the early Universe thoroughly in a single volume.
Author: Aaron Emery Watkins
Author: Aaron Emery Watkins
Author: William C. Keel
Author: Francesca Matteucci
Author: G. Hensler
Author: José M. Vilchez
Author: Marc Sauvage
Author: Hyron Spinrad
Author: Tommy Wiklind
Author: Xiaolei Zhang
Author: David H Hughes