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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Finite differences Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
We have constructed a new finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in this project. Our new algorithm focuses on the most important and more challenging transverse electric (TE) case. In this case, the electric field is discontinuous across the interface between different dielectric media. We use an electric permittivity that stays as a constant in each medium, and magnetic permittivity that is constant in the whole domain. To handle the interface between different media, we introduce new effective permittivities that incorporates electromagnetic fields boundary conditions. That is, across the interface between two different media, the tangential component of the electric field and the normal component of the electric displacement are continuous. Meanwhile, the magnetic field stays as continuous in the whole domain. Our new algorithm is built based upon the integral version of the Maxwell's equations as well as the above continuity conditions. The theoretical analysis shows that the new algorithm can reach second-order convergence O(∆x2)with mesh size ∆x. The subsequent numerical results demonstrate this algorithm is very stable and its convergence order can reach very close to second order, considering accumulation of some unexpected numerical approximation and truncation errors. In fact, our algorithm has clearly demonstrated significant improvement over all related FDTD methods using effective permittivities reported in the literature. Therefore, our new algorithm turns out to be the most effective and stable FDTD method to solve Maxwell's equations involving multiple media.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Finite differences Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
We have constructed a new finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in this project. Our new algorithm focuses on the most important and more challenging transverse electric (TE) case. In this case, the electric field is discontinuous across the interface between different dielectric media. We use an electric permittivity that stays as a constant in each medium, and magnetic permittivity that is constant in the whole domain. To handle the interface between different media, we introduce new effective permittivities that incorporates electromagnetic fields boundary conditions. That is, across the interface between two different media, the tangential component of the electric field and the normal component of the electric displacement are continuous. Meanwhile, the magnetic field stays as continuous in the whole domain. Our new algorithm is built based upon the integral version of the Maxwell's equations as well as the above continuity conditions. The theoretical analysis shows that the new algorithm can reach second-order convergence O(∆x2)with mesh size ∆x. The subsequent numerical results demonstrate this algorithm is very stable and its convergence order can reach very close to second order, considering accumulation of some unexpected numerical approximation and truncation errors. In fact, our algorithm has clearly demonstrated significant improvement over all related FDTD methods using effective permittivities reported in the literature. Therefore, our new algorithm turns out to be the most effective and stable FDTD method to solve Maxwell's equations involving multiple media.
Author: John Allan Svigelj Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is limited by memory requirements and computation time when applied to large problems, complicated geometries, or geometries with fine features. In this thesis, the nonuniform orthogonal FDTD method is presented and applied to a variety of electromagnetic problems. The nonuniform aspect of the method gives great flexibility in modeling complicated geometries with fine features. Furthermore, the variability of the mesh resolution also enables the user to move the boundaries of the computational domain farther away from the center of the problem without an undue increase in the number of cells. Most significantly, the orthogonality of the method preserves the speed of the conventional FDTD method. These three features of the nonuniform orthogonal FDTD method are demonstrated by means of numerical examples throughout the thesis. Grid dispersion error from the nonuniform mesh is analyzed and numerical examples are presented, demonstrating that small growth rates in mesh discretization lead to acceptably small errors. The issue of absorbing boundary conditions is addressed with the analysis and application of the dispersive boundary condition on nonuniform meshes. New techniques are also introduced for the efficient characterization of microstrip lines, microstrip discontinuities, and coupled microstrip structures using FDTD data. A local mesh refinement technique is introduced for planar perfect electric conductor, and is shown to be three times more accurate than the staircasing approximation. The versatility of the method is demonstrated by the analysis of a balun-fed folded dipole antenna, the characterization of the transition of grounded coplanar waveguide to microstrip line, and the study of fields in lossy layered media.
Author: Stephen Gedney Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031017129 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
Introduction to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method for Electromagnetics provides a comprehensive tutorial of the most widely used method for solving Maxwell's equations -- the Finite Difference Time-Domain Method. This book is an essential guide for students, researchers, and professional engineers who want to gain a fundamental knowledge of the FDTD method. It can accompany an undergraduate or entry-level graduate course or be used for self-study. The book provides all the background required to either research or apply the FDTD method for the solution of Maxwell's equations to practical problems in engineering and science. Introduction to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method for Electromagnetics guides the reader through the foundational theory of the FDTD method starting with the one-dimensional transmission-line problem and then progressing to the solution of Maxwell's equations in three dimensions. It also provides step by step guides to modeling physical sources, lumped-circuit components, absorbing boundary conditions, perfectly matched layer absorbers, and sub-cell structures. Post processing methods such as network parameter extraction and far-field transformations are also detailed. Efficient implementations of the FDTD method in a high level language are also provided. Table of Contents: Introduction / 1D FDTD Modeling of the Transmission Line Equations / Yee Algorithm for Maxwell's Equations / Source Excitations / Absorbing Boundary Conditions / The Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) Absorbing Medium / Subcell Modeling / Post Processing
Author: Allen Taflove Publisher: Artech House Publishers ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1050
Book Description
This extensively revised and expanded third edition of the Artech House bestseller, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method, offers you the most up-to-date and definitive resource on this critical method for solving Maxwell's equations. There has been considerable advancement in FDTD computational technology over the past few years, and this new edition brings you the very latest details with four new invited chapters on advanced techniques for PSTD, unconditional stability, provably stable FDTD-FETD hybrids, and hardware acceleration. Moreover, you find many completely new sections throughout the book, including major updates on convolutional PML ABCs; dispersive, nonlinear, classical-gain, and quantum-gain materials; and micro-, nano-, and bio- photonics.
Author: Umran S. Inan Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139497987 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 405
Book Description
Beginning with the development of finite difference equations, and leading to the complete FDTD algorithm, this is a coherent introduction to the FDTD method (the method of choice for modeling Maxwell's equations). It provides students and professional engineers with everything they need to know to begin writing FDTD simulations from scratch and to develop a thorough understanding of the inner workings of commercial FDTD software. Stability, numerical dispersion, sources and boundary conditions are all discussed in detail, as are dispersive and anisotropic materials. A comparative introduction of the finite volume and finite element methods is also provided. All concepts are introduced from first principles, so no prior modeling experience is required, and they are made easier to understand through numerous illustrative examples and the inclusion of both intuitive explanations and mathematical derivations.
Author: Karl S. Kunz Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351410474 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 466
Book Description
The Finite-Difference Time-domain (FDTD) method allows you to compute electromagnetic interaction for complex problem geometries with ease. The simplicity of the approach coupled with its far-reaching usefulness, create the powerful, popular method presented in The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics. This volume offers timeless applications and formulations you can use to treat virtually any material type and geometry. The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics explores the mathematical foundations of FDTD, including stability, outer radiation boundary conditions, and different coordinate systems. It covers derivations of FDTD for use with PEC, metal, lossy dielectrics, gyrotropic materials, and anisotropic materials. A number of applications are completely worked out with numerous figures to illustrate the results. It also includes a printed FORTRAN 77 version of the code that implements the technique in three dimensions for lossy dielectric materials. There are many methods for analyzing electromagnetic interactions for problem geometries. With The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics, you will learn the simplest, most useful of these methods, from the basics through to the practical applications.
Author: Zheng-Yu Huang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The orthogonal expansion in time-domain method is a new kind of unconditionally stable finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for solving the Maxwell equation efficiently. Generally, it can be implemented by two schemes: marching-on-in-order and paralleling-in-order, which, respectively, use weighted Laguerre polynomials and associated Hermite functions as temporal expansions and testing functions. This chapter summarized paralleling-in-order-based FDTD method using associated Hermite functions and Legendre polynomials. And a comparison from theoretical analysis to numerical examples is shown. The LD integral transfer matrix can be considered as a ,Äúdual,Äù transformation for AH differential matrix, which gives a possible way to find more potential orthogonal basis function to implement a paralleling-in-order scheme. In addition, the differences with these two orthogonal functions are also analyzed. From the numerical results, we can see their agreements in some general cases while differing in some cases such as shielding analysis with the long-time response requirement.
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Author: John Allan Svigelj
Author: Stephen Gedney
Author: Guilin Sun
Author: Jiayuan Fang
Author: Allen Taflove
Author: Umran S. Inan
Author: Haresh R. Sangani
Author: Karl S. Kunz
Author: Zheng-Yu Huang