A Mechanism for Ocean Mixed Layer Deepening PDF Download

Author: Ramkumar Venkataraman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mixing
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Author: N.G. Jerlov
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080870503
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247

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Marine Optics

Author: Matthias Tomczak
Publisher: Daya Books
ISBN: 9788170353072
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408

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Book Description
An introduction to regional oceanography for students in all fields of marine sciences. The two core principles are the use of the most modern data base for all maps of the regional distribution of properties, and discussion of all observed features within a frame of reference developed from ocean dynamics, rather than based on the simple geographical approach. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author: Simon Chu
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080870953
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 395

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Book Description
This book contains articles presenting current knowledge about the formation and renewal of deep waters in the ocean. These articles were presented at an international workshop at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey in March 1990. It is the first book entirely devoted to the topic of deep water formation in which articles have been both selected and reviewed, and it is also the first time authors have addressed both surface and deep mixed layers. Highlighted are: past and recent observations (description and analysis), concepts and models, and modern techniques for future research. Thanks to spectacular advances realised in computing sciences over the last twenty years this volume includes a number of sophisticated numerical models. Observational as well as theoretical studies are presented and a clear distinction is established between open-ocean deep convection and shelf processes, both leading to deep- and bottom-water formation. The main subject addressed is the physical mechanism by which the deep water in the ocean can be renewed. Ventilation occurs at the surface in areas called the gills, where water is mixed and oxygenated before sinking and spreading in the abyss of the deep ocean. This phenomenon is a very active area for both experimentalists and theoreticians because of its strong implications for the understanding of the world ocean circulation and Earth climate. This major theme sheds light on specific and complex processes happening in very restricted areas still controlling three quarters of the total volume of the ocean. All articles include illustrations and a bibliography. This book will be of particular interest to physical oceanographers, earth scientists, environmentalists and climatologists.

Author: Gerold Wefer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642803539
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 815

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Book Description
The book presents results of recent projects in oceanography and marine geosciences (e.g. WOCE, JGOFS, PAGES, ODP) regarding present and past circulation in the South Atlantic. The objective of the book is to integrate results from both oceanographic and geological studies. As the connecting link between the Antarctic and the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic plays a crucial role with regard to the heat budget of the North Atlantic and to the biogeochemical budget of the global ocean. New results from studies of meridional water mass and heat transports are presented. The central theme of geological investigations is the reconstruction of current and productivity systems in the South Atlantic during the late Quaternary.

Author: Sydney Levitus
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatology
Languages : en
Pages : 196

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Book Description

Author: Richard E. Thomson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080477003
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 654

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Book Description
Data Analysis Methods in Physical Oceanography is a practical referenceguide to established and modern data analysis techniques in earth and oceansciences. This second and revised edition is even more comprehensive with numerous updates, and an additional appendix on 'Convolution and Fourier transforms'. Intended for both students and established scientists, the fivemajor chapters of the book cover data acquisition and recording, dataprocessing and presentation, statistical methods and error handling,analysis of spatial data fields, and time series analysis methods. Chapter 5on time series analysis is a book in itself, spanning a wide diversity oftopics from stochastic processes and stationarity, coherence functions,Fourier analysis, tidal harmonic analysis, spectral and cross-spectralanalysis, wavelet and other related methods for processing nonstationarydata series, digital filters, and fractals. The seven appendices includeunit conversions, approximation methods and nondimensional numbers used ingeophysical fluid dynamics, presentations on convolution, statisticalterminology, and distribution functions, and a number of importantstatistical tables. Twenty pages are devoted to references. Featuring:• An in-depth presentation of modern techniques for the analysis of temporal and spatial data sets collected in oceanography, geophysics, and other disciplines in earth and ocean sciences.• A detailed overview of oceanographic instrumentation and sensors - old and new - used to collect oceanographic data.• 7 appendices especially applicable to earth and ocean sciences ranging from conversion of units, through statistical tables, to terminology and non-dimensional parameters. In praise of the first edition: "(...)This is a very practical guide to the various statistical analysis methods used for obtaining information from geophysical data, with particular reference to oceanography(...)The book provides both a text for advanced students of the geophysical sciences and a useful reference volume for researchers." Aslib Book Guide Vol 63, No. 9, 1998 "(...)This is an excellent book that I recommend highly and will definitely use for my own research and teaching." EOS Transactions, D.A. Jay, 1999 "(...)In summary, this book is the most comprehensive and practical source of information on data analysis methods available to the physical oceanographer. The reader gets the benefit of extremely broad coverage and an excellent set of examples drawn from geographical observations." Oceanography, Vol. 12, No. 3, A. Plueddemann, 1999 "(...)Data Analysis Methods in Physical Oceanography is highly recommended for a wide range of readers, from the relative novice to the experienced researcher. It would be appropriate for academic and special libraries." E-Streams, Vol. 2, No. 8, P. Mofjelf, August 1999

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7

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Book Description
A cloud-ocean planetary boundary layer (OPRI), feedback mechanism is presented and tested in this paper, water vapor, evaporated from the ocean surface or transported by the large-scale air flow, often forms convective clouds under a conditionally unstable lapse rate. The variable cloud cover and rainfall may have positive and negative feedback with the ocean mixed layer temperature and salinity structure. First, clouds reduce the incoming solar radiation at the ocean surface by scattering and absorption, which cools (relatively) the ocean surface layer by increasing mixed layer entrainment. The cooling of the ocean mixed layer lowers the evaporation rate, which will diminish the clouds. This is a negative feedback mechanism. Second, precipitation dilutes the surface salinity, stabilizing the upper ocean and reducing mixed layer deepening. The mixed layer may even be caused to shallow if the downward surface buoyance flux is sufficiently enhanced by the precipitation. The reduction in mixed layer depth will increase the sea surface temperature (SST) by concentrating the net radiation plus heat fluxed downward across the sea surface into a thinner layer. The increase of SST augments the surface evaporation, which in turn produces more clouds. This is a positive feedback mechanism. Fig. A shows the main physical processes (heat, mass, and momentum fluxes) at the two adjacent boundary layers; the OPBI, and the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABI). Figure 2 illustrates this positive/negative feedback mechanism. Since clouds have significant effects on the large-scale atmospheric circulation through the transfer of heat, moisture, and momentum, and on the ocean mixed layer through the attenuation of solar radiation at the ocean surface, and since the SST is an important factor for the development of clouds, the feedback mechanism mentioned above has a potentially significant impact on the air-sea interaction, weather and ocean prediction.

Author: John H. Steele
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 9780122274305
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 3399

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Book Description
The Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences is the most current, authoritative, and comprehensive resource on the science of the oceans. This ambitious work includes contributions from leading scientists around the world on the physical processes that drive the oceans and the chemical, biological, and geological disciplines. The Encyclopedia also covers ancillary topics such as ocean technology, law of the oceans, global programs, marine policy, the use of the oceans for food and energy, and the impact of pollution and climate changes. The many different methods used to study the oceans are covered, from ship-based systems to satellite remote sensing. Users will enjoy easy access to more than 400 articles, each approximately 3000-4000 words in length with further reading lists and extensive cross referencing. Each article provides comprehensive coverage of a particular topic, and is designed for a wide audience of students, academics, researchers, and professionals. The articles are written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest technical information. Also available online on ScienceDirect. For online version information, please visit http://www.info.sciencedirect.com/reference_works Presents 402 original articles covering all the physical, chemical and biological aspects of ocean science Brings together classic scientific theories with the newest discoveries, technologies, and applications Written by the world's leading researchers and developed by a prestigious editorial board Makes information easy to find with an intuitive format, extensive cross references, further reading lists, and complete index Illustrated with more than 1900 figures and full color throughout Developed alongside each other, the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences together with the Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences provide readers a with comprehensive resource, and a link between these two fields.

Author: Carlos R. Mechoso
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108492703
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359

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Book Description
A comprehensive review of interactions between the climates of different ocean basins and their key contributions to global climate variability and change. Providing essential theory and discussing outstanding examples as well as impacts on monsoons, it a useful resource for graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric and ocean sciences.