A Mathematical Model for the Dynamic Counterrolling of the Human Eye PDF Download
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Author: John W. McCloskey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 61
Book Description
When the head is tilted to the side, the eyes rotate slightly in the opposite, compensatory, direction. This ocular counterrolling has been related to, and may provide a useful index of, otolith function. This report describes a technique for inducing and precisely recording ocular counterrolling. In normal subjects the eyes rotate as much as plus or minus 6 degrees depending on the amount, direction, and speed of head rotation around its X (fore and aft) axis. Counterrolling is maximum under static or low rotation-rate conditions. Labyrinthine-defective subjects exhibit little or no compensatory counterrolling. (Author).
Author: John W. McCloskey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 61
Book Description
When the head is tilted to the side, the eyes rotate slightly in the opposite, compensatory, direction. This ocular counterrolling has been related to, and may provide a useful index of, otolith function. This report describes a technique for inducing and precisely recording ocular counterrolling. In normal subjects the eyes rotate as much as plus or minus 6 degrees depending on the amount, direction, and speed of head rotation around its X (fore and aft) axis. Counterrolling is maximum under static or low rotation-rate conditions. Labyrinthine-defective subjects exhibit little or no compensatory counterrolling. (Author).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aviation medicine Languages : en Pages : 698
Book Description
A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced in Scientific and technical aerospace reports (STAR) and International aerospace abstracts (IAA).
Author: Alireza Ghahari Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031016610 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book series is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. A saccade is a fast eye movement used to acquire a target by placing the image of the target on the fovea. Smooth pursuit is a slow eye movement used to track a target as it moves by keeping the target on the fovea. The vestibular ocular movement is used to keep the eyes on a target during brief head movements. The optokinetic eye movement is a combination of saccadic and slow eye movements that keeps a full-field image stable on the retina during sustained head rotation. Each of these movements is a conjugate eye movement, that is, movements of both eyes together driven by a common neural source. A vergence movement is a non-conjugate eye movement allowing the eyes to track targets as they come closer or farther away. In Part 1, early models of saccades and smooth pursuit are presented. A number of oculomotor plant models are described therein beginning with the Westheimer model published in 1954, and up through our 1995 model involving a 4th-order oculomotor plant model. In Part 2, a 2009 version of a state-of-the-art model is presented for horizontal saccades that is 3rd-order and linear, and controlled by a physiologically based time-optimal neural network. In this book, a multiscale model of the saccade system is presented, focusing on the neural network. Chapter 1 summarizes a whole muscle model of the oculomotor plant based on the 2009 3rd-order and linear, and controlled by a physiologically based time-optimal neural network. Chapter 2 presents a neural network model of biophysical neurons in the midbrain for controlling oculomotor muscles during horizontal human saccades. To investigate horizontal saccade dynamics, a neural circuitry, including omnipause neuron, premotor excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons, long lead burst neuron, tonic neuron, interneuron, abducens nucleus, and oculomotor nucleus, is developed. A generic neuron model serves as the basis to match the characteristics of each type of neuron in the neural network. We wish to express our thanks to William Pruehsner for drawing many of the illustrations in this book. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / 2009 Linear Homeomorphic Saccadic Eye Movement Model / A Neuron-Based Time-Optimal Controller of Horizontal Saccadic Eye Movements and Glissades / References / Authors' Biographies
Author: Paul Bach-y-Rita Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323145647 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 571
Book Description
The Control of Eye Movements presents the proceedings of the Symposium on the Control of Eye Movements organized by the Smith-Kettlewell Institute of Visual Sciences of the Pacific Medical Center and the Department of Visual Sciences of the University of the Pacific Graduate School of Medical Sciences, San Francisco, California, November 10-11, 1969. The book is organized into two parts. Part I is devoted to presentations of anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, psychological, and clinical aspects of eye movements. The material presented should provide a valuable reference source as well as increase awareness of the need for further investigation of many aspects of the basic physiology of eye movements. Part II presents a series of papers dealing with models of various parts of the oculomotor system. The modeling approach to control of eye movements is still in its infancy and the present work presents the first comprehensive survey of biophysical, mathematical, and engineering aspects of eye movement control.
Author: John W. McCloskey
Author: John W. McCloskey
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Author: Alireza Ghahari
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Author: Paul Bach-y-Rita