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Author: Ronnie Carroll McMillan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Phase shift (Nuclear physics) Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
"The phase shift method of measuring atomic lifetimes is particularly useful because it allows us to make measurements in the steady state mode instead of in the transient mode. High frequency phase shift techniques cause many problems. The equipment, which was designed and built to make low frequency phase shift techniques possible, is shown schematically and discussed. The new experimental techniques employed in our apparatus are a phase multiplier and a unique method of using a photomultiplier as a mixer. In the photomultiplier the final dynode is used as the grid of a triode. The next to the last dynode may be thought of as the cathode of a triode normally used as a mixer. Using the photomultiplier in this fashion, we have a low noise, extremely efficient mixer. The phase multiplier is essential to accurately measure small phase angles. The problems of high frequency techniques are cited and references given. The speed of light was measured as a test of the equipment. The experimental values resulted in a .95 confidence interval containing the generally accepted value of the speed of light in air. The average value measured was (2.937 ± .033) x 108 meters per second, where .033 is the standard deviation for 48 trials. This average value represents an error of 1.61%. From the results we have established the feasibility of this low frequency method of measuring atomic lifetimes"--Abstract, leaves [i-ii].
Author: Ronnie Carroll McMillan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Phase shift (Nuclear physics) Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
"The phase shift method of measuring atomic lifetimes is particularly useful because it allows us to make measurements in the steady state mode instead of in the transient mode. High frequency phase shift techniques cause many problems. The equipment, which was designed and built to make low frequency phase shift techniques possible, is shown schematically and discussed. The new experimental techniques employed in our apparatus are a phase multiplier and a unique method of using a photomultiplier as a mixer. In the photomultiplier the final dynode is used as the grid of a triode. The next to the last dynode may be thought of as the cathode of a triode normally used as a mixer. Using the photomultiplier in this fashion, we have a low noise, extremely efficient mixer. The phase multiplier is essential to accurately measure small phase angles. The problems of high frequency techniques are cited and references given. The speed of light was measured as a test of the equipment. The experimental values resulted in a .95 confidence interval containing the generally accepted value of the speed of light in air. The average value measured was (2.937 ± .033) x 108 meters per second, where .033 is the standard deviation for 48 trials. This average value represents an error of 1.61%. From the results we have established the feasibility of this low frequency method of measuring atomic lifetimes"--Abstract, leaves [i-ii].
Author: Jerry C. Whitaker Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420036661 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 2640
Book Description
During the ten years since the appearance of the groundbreaking, bestselling first edition of The Electronics Handbook, the field has grown and changed tremendously. With a focus on fundamental theory and practical applications, the first edition guided novice and veteran engineers along the cutting edge in the design, production, installation, operation, and maintenance of electronic devices and systems. Completely updated and expanded to reflect recent advances, this second edition continues the tradition. The Electronics Handbook, Second Edition provides a comprehensive reference to the key concepts, models, and equations necessary to analyze, design, and predict the behavior of complex electrical devices, circuits, instruments, and systems. With 23 sections that encompass the entire electronics field, from classical devices and circuits to emerging technologies and applications, The Electronics Handbook, Second Edition not only covers the engineering aspects, but also includes sections on reliability, safety, and engineering management. The book features an individual table of contents at the beginning of each chapter, which enables engineers from industry, government, and academia to navigate easily to the vital information they need. This is truly the most comprehensive, easy-to-use reference on electronics available.
Author: Holger Kantz Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364271949X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 339
Book Description
This book is more than a standard proceedings volume, although it is an almost direct result of the workshop on "Nonlinear Analysis of Physiologi cal Time Series" held in Freital near Dresden, Germany, in October 1995. The idea of the meeting was, as for previous meetings devoted to related topics, such as the conference on dynamical diseases held near Montreal in February 1994 (see CHAOS Vol. 5(1), 1995), to bring together experts on the techniques of nonlinear analysis and the theory of chaos and applicants from the most fascinating field where such methods could potentially be useful: the life sciences. The former group consisted mainly of physicists and mathe maticians, the latter was represented by physiologists and medical researchers and practitioners. Many aspects of this workshop were unusual and not previously expe rienced. Also, the hosting institution, the Max Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems (MPIPKS), at this time was brand new. The organiz ers' rather unconventional intention was to bring specialists of both groups together to really work together. Therefore, there was an excessive availabil ity of computers and the possibility to numerically study time series data sets practitioners had supplied from their own fields, e. g. electrocardiogram (ECG) data, electroencephalogram (EEG) data, data from the respiratory system, from human voice, human posture control, and several others. These data formed a much stronger link between theoreticians and applicants than any of the common ideas.
Author: Christopher J. Bender Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 144198951X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
Electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy is undergoing something akin to a renaissance that is attributable to advances in microwave circuitry and signal processing software. EPR: Instrumental Methods is a textbook that brings the reader up to date on these advances and their role in providing better experimental techniques for biological magnetic resonance. Chapters in this book guide the reader from basic principles of spectrometer design through the advanced methods that are providing new vistas in disciplines such as oximetry, imaging, and structural biology. Key Features: Spectrometer design, particularly at low frequencies (below X-band), Design of spectrometer components unique to ENDOR and ESEEM, Optimization of EMR spectrometer sensitivity spanning many octaves, Algorithmic approach to spectral parameterization, Application of Fourier Methods to polymer conformation, oximetry, and imaging.
Author: Ronnie Carroll McMillan
Author: Ronnie Carroll McMillan
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Author: Jerry C. Whitaker
Author: Holger Kantz
Author: Christopher J. Bender
Author: Bradford R. Bean
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Author: Jianzhong Zhang