Author: Sonja Amy LindquistPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 378
Book Description
A Longitudinal Study of Body Composition and Resting Energy Expenditure in Pregnant Women
Author: Sonja Amy LindquistEnergy Balance in Well-nourished Pregnant Women
Author: Lori Elizabeth KoppPhysical Activity and Energy Balance in Relation to Birth Outcomes During Pregnancy in the Tlokwe Municipality Area
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Body composition -- Energy balance -- Energy expenditure -- Energy intake -- Gestational weight gain -- Pregnancy -- Energiebalans -- Energie-inname -- Energie-uitgawe -- Gestasionele-gewigstoename -- Liggaamsamestelling -- Swangerskap.
The Effect of Maternal Adiposity on Energy Metabolism and Body Composition During Pregnancy and Lactation
Author: Kara LangAssociations of Exposure to Physical Activity and Smoking During Pregnancy and Offspring Body Composition
Author: Curtis Stuart HarrodPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
Our objective was to examine the associations of pregnancy physical activity and prenatal smoking with offspring mass [i.e. body mass, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM)]. We analyzed mother-offspring pairs participating in the longitudinal Healthy Start study who delivered before November 1st, 2013. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess total energy expenditure and meeting American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines for physical activity during early-, mid- and late-pregnancy. Data on the quantity and duration of prenatal smoking during early-, mid- and late-pregnancy were collected through self-report. We found a significant inverse linear trend between total energy expenditure during late-pregnancy and neonatal FM (Ptrend = 0.04). Total energy expenditure during early- and mid-pregnancy was not significantly associated with neonatal mass, nor was meeting ACOG guidelines during pregnancy. We also observed dose-dependent and time-specific relationships of prenatal smoking significantly reducing neonatal body mass, FM, FFM and the ratio, FM to FFM. Exposure to prenatal smoking before late-pregnancy was not associated with reductions in neonatal mass compared to unexposed offspring. Despite systematic growth restriction observed at birth, at 5 months, exposed and unexposed offspring had comparable FM (P = 0.61) and FFM (P = 0.41), and following further adjustment for birth weight, exposed offspring had significantly greater FFM (P = 0.04). The change in FFM from birth to postnatal follow-up was also significantly greater in exposed relative to unexposed offspring, even after adjustment for FFM at birth (P = 0.04). In a large cohort, we observed that increasing levels of late-pregnancy total energy expenditure were significantly associated with reduced neonatal adiposity, suggesting that behavioral intervention during pregnancy may help reduce the risk of obesity in offspring. Additionally, exposure to prenatal smoking was associated with systematic growth restriction and that late-pregnancy smoking appears to be the primary period for growth restriction. During early-life, offspring exposed to prenatal smoking demonstrated significant compensatory growth, independent of characteristics, including birth weight. This is suggestive of a programmed mechanism in the offspring as a result of exposure to prenatal smoking, and may contribute to an increased risk of obesity later in life.
Human Body Composition
Author: Steven HeymsfieldPublisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736046558
Category : Anthropometry
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
The 2nd edition of Human Body Composition includes updated information and new chapters. The editors and 35 contributors are well respected researchers in the field of body composition science. This is one of few texts that provides comprehensive coverage of body composition research. The primary intent is to present current information on research methods. This book can serve as a textbook for those who are students or new researchers. Descriptions of various methods and background information are imparted in great detail with numerous references. New chapters address energy expenditure, animal body composition, molecular genetics and body composition as it relates to disease states of cancer, HIV, obesity and certain inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This book is recommended for students and new researchers in the field of body composition research who need to learn various methods, histories and practical applications--Publisher's description.
Body Composition, Dietary Intake, and Energy Expenditure in Pregnant Women
Author: Connie Jo Swenson ElliffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pregnant women
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Clinical Physiology in Obstetrics
Author: Frank E. HyttenPublisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 9780632021420
Category : Obstetrics
Languages : en
Pages : 445
Book Description
Energy Intake Under-Reporting Increases Over Pregnancy
Author: Katherine McNittPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Background: Energy intake under-reporting is widespread, yet poorly understood during pregnancy. Adequate energy intake and energy balance are essential for optimizing maternal and fetal outcomes, including gestational weight gain. Inaccurate self-reported energy intake may result in erroneous nutrition education from health professionals during pregnancy. Objective: This study aimed to examine the trends (i.e., changes over gestation), magnitude (i.e., degree of severity), and predictors (i.e., gestational age, anthropometrics, demographics, perceived stress, and eating behaviors) of energy intake under-reporting using intensive longitudinal data in a sample of pregnant women with overweight and obesity in the United States. Methods: This is a post hoc analysis using data from the Healthy Mom Zone Study. Pre-pregnancy weight and demographics were reported at study enrollment (at 8-12 weeks gestational age). Validated questionnaires were completed weekly to assess perceived stress and monthly to assess eating behaviors. Mobile health technology was used to measure daily weight (Wi-Fi Scale) and physical activity (activity monitor) and tri-weekly self-reported energy intake (smartphone app). An energy balance model was used to calculate energy intake with the inputs of measured weight, physical activity, and resting metabolic rate. Reporting accuracy was defined as: [(self-reported EI -- back-calculated EI) / back-calculated EI)] * 100%. Linear fixed effects modelling was used to test whether each predictor was associated with under-reporting. Results: Women were, on average, 30.7 years old, married, well-educated, pregnant with their first child (64%), and had overweight or obesity (mean BMI=31.5). Women under-reported by 36% of their estimated energy intake, on average. Energy intake under-reporting increased significantly between trimesters from 28% (first) to 33% (second) to 39% (third) (p
Diet and Health
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309039940
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 765
Book Description
Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.