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Author: Donald J. Cavalieri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ice Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A link is found between the variability of Fram Strait sea ice export and the phase of zonal wave 1 in SLP for the period 1958-1997. Previous studies have found that the link between ice export through Fram Strait and the NAO is inconsistent over time scales longer than the last two decades. Inconsistent and low correlations are also found between Fram Strait ice export and the AO index. The phase of zonal wave 1 explains 60%-70% of the simulated ice export variance after the removal of two anomalous phases in 1966 and 1967. Unlike the NAO and AO links, these high variances are consistent for both the first and second halves of the 40-year period. This consistency is attributed to the sensitivity of wave-1 phase to the presence of secondary low pressure systems in the Barents Sea that serve to drive Arctic sea ice southward through Fram Strait.
Author: Donald J. Cavalieri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ice Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A link is found between the variability of Fram Strait sea ice export and the phase of zonal wave 1 in SLP for the period 1958-1997. Previous studies have found that the link between ice export through Fram Strait and the NAO is inconsistent over time scales longer than the last two decades. Inconsistent and low correlations are also found between Fram Strait ice export and the AO index. The phase of zonal wave 1 explains 60%-70% of the simulated ice export variance after the removal of two anomalous phases in 1966 and 1967. Unlike the NAO and AO links, these high variances are consistent for both the first and second halves of the 40-year period. This consistency is attributed to the sensitivity of wave-1 phase to the presence of secondary low pressure systems in the Barents Sea that serve to drive Arctic sea ice southward through Fram Strait.
Author: Robert R. Dickson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402067739 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
We are only now beginning to understand the climatic impact of the remarkable events that are now occurring in subarctic waters. Researchers, however, have yet to agree upon a predictive model that links change in our northern seas to climate. This volume brings together the body of evidence needed to develop climate models that quantify the ocean exchanges through subarctic seas, measure their variability, and gauge their impact on climate.
Author: James B. Elsner Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387094105 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 425
Book Description
Recent studies suggest that tropical cyclones are more powerful than in the past with the most dramatic increase in the North Atlantic. The increase is correlated with an increase in ocean temperature. A debate concerns the nature of these increases with some scientists attributing them to a natural climate fluctuation and others suggesting climate change related to anthropogenic increases in forcing from greenhouse gases. A Summit on Hurricanes and Climate Change was held during the spring of 2007 on the island of Crete that brought together leading academics and researchers on both sides of the scientific debate to discuss new research and express opinions about what will happen in the future with regard to hurricane activity. This proceedings volume highlights the state-of-the-science research into various aspects of the hurricane-climate connection. It is likely that the science presented here will lead to new research that will help answer crucial questions about our sustainable future.
Author: Dan Lubin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540307850 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 868
Book Description
The polar regions, perhaps more than any other places on Earth, give the geophysical scientist a sense of exploration. This sensibility is genuine, for not only is high-latitude ?eldwork arduous with many locations seldom or never visited, but there remains much fundamental knowledge yet to be discovered about how the polar regions interact with the global climate system. The range of opportunities for new discovery becomes strikingly clear when we realize that the high latitudes are not one region but are really two vastly di?erent worlds. The high Arctic is a frozen ocean surrounded by land, and is home to fragile ecosystems and unique modes of human habitation. The Antarctic is a frozen continent without regular human habitation, covered by ice sheets taller than many mountain ranges and surrounded by the Earth’s most forbidding ocean. When we consider global change as applied to the Arctic, we discuss impacts to a region whose surface and lower atmospheric temperatures are near the triple point of water throughout much of the year. The most consistent signatures of climate warming have occurred at northern high latitudes (IPCC, 2001), and the potential impacts of a few degrees increase in surface temperature include a reduction in sea ice extent, a positive feedback to climate warming due to lowering of surface albedo, and changes to surface runo? that might a?ect the Arctic Ocean’s salinity and circulation.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309301912 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 98
Book Description
The Arctic has been undergoing significant changes in recent years. Average temperatures are rising twice as fast as they are elsewhere in the world. The extent and thickness of sea ice is rapidly declining. Such changes may have an impact on atmospheric conditions outside the region. Several hypotheses for how Arctic warming may be influencing mid-latitude weather patterns have been proposed recently. For example, Arctic warming could lead to a weakened jet stream resulting in more persistent weather patterns in the mid-latitudes. Or Arctic sea ice loss could lead to an increase of snow on high-latitude land, which in turn impacts the jet stream resulting in cold Eurasian and North American winters. These and other potential connections between a warming Arctic and mid-latitude weather are the subject of active research. Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns is the summary of a workshop convened in September 2013 by the National Research Council to review our current understanding and to discuss research needed to better understand proposed linkages. A diverse array of experts examined linkages between a warming Arctic and mid-latitude weather patterns. The workshop included presentations from leading researchers representing a range of views on this topic. The workshop was organized to allow participants to take a global perspective and consider the influence of the Arctic in the context of forcing from other components of the climate system, such as changes in the tropics, ocean circulation, and mid-latitude sea surface temperature. This report discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms that link declines in Arctic sea ice cover, loss of high-latitude snow cover, changes in Arctic-region energy fluxes, atmospheric circulation patterns, and the occurrence of extreme weather events; possible implications of more severe loss of summer Arctic sea ice upon weather patterns at lower latitudes; major gaps in our understanding, and observational and/or modeling efforts that are needed to fill those gaps; and current opportunities and limitations for using Arctic sea ice predictions to assess the risk of temperature/precipitation anomalies and extreme weather events over northern continents.
Author: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521865093 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1053
Book Description
The Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on earth. Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, contributing to major physical, ecological, social, and economic changes, many of which have already begun. Changes in arctic climate will also affect the rest of the world through increased global warming and rising sea levels. Arctic Climate Impact Assessment was prepared by an international team of over 300 scientists, experts, and knowledgeable members of indigenous communities. The report has been thoroughly researched, is fully referenced, and provides the first comprehensive evaluation of arctic climate change, changes in ultraviolet radiation and their impacts for the region and for the world. It is illustrated in full color throughout. The results provided the scientific foundations for the ACIA synthesis report - Impacts of a Warming Arctic - published by Cambridge University Press in 2004.
Author: Mark C. Serreze Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139445383 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 413
Book Description
The Arctic can be viewed as an integrated system, characterised by intimate couplings between its atmosphere, ocean and land, linked in turn to the larger global system. This comprehensive, up-to-date assessment begins with an outline of early Arctic exploration and the growth of modern research. Using an integrated systems approach, subsequent chapters examine the atmospheric heat budget and circulation, the surface energy budget, the hydrologic cycle and interactions between the ocean, atmosphere and sea ice cover. Reviews of recent directions in numerical modelling and the characteristics of past Arctic climates set the stage for detailed discussion of recent climate variability and trends, and projected future states. Throughout, satellite remote sensing data and results from recent major field programs are used to illustrate key processes. The Arctic Climate System provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the subject for researchers and advanced students in a wide range of disciplines.
Author: Elias Carayannis Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9533077336 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 660
Book Description
The failure of the UN climate change summit in Copenhagen in December 2009 to effectively reach a global agreement on emission reduction targets, led many within the developing world to view this as a reversal of the Kyoto Protocol and an attempt by the developed nations to shirk out of their responsibility for climate change. The issue of global warming has been at the top of the political agenda for a number of years and has become even more pressing with the rapid industrialization taking place in China and India. This book looks at the effects of climate change throughout different regions of the world and discusses to what extent cleantech and environmental initiatives such as the destruction of fluorinated greenhouse gases, biofuels, and the role of plant breeding and biotechnology. The book concludes with an insight into the socio-religious impact that global warming has, citing Christianity and Islam.
Author: Robert R. Dickson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402067747 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
We are only now beginning to understand the climatic impact of the remarkable events that are now occurring in subarctic waters. Researchers, however, have yet to agree upon a predictive model that links change in our northern seas to climate. This volume brings together the body of evidence needed to develop climate models that quantify the ocean exchanges through subarctic seas, measure their variability, and gauge their impact on climate.
Author: Donald J. Cavalieri
Author: Donald J. Cavalieri
Author: Robert R. Dickson
Author: James B. Elsner
Author: Torben Königk
Author: Dan Lubin
Author: National Research Council
Author: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
Author: Mark C. Serreze
Author: Elias Carayannis
Author: Robert R. Dickson