A Key for Predicting Postfire Successional Trajectories in Black Spruce Stands of Interior Alaska PDF Download
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Author: Jill Frances Johnstone Publisher: ISBN: Category : Black spruce Languages : en Pages : 46
Book Description
Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) B.S.P) is the dominant forest cover type in interior Alaska and is prone to frequent, stand-replacing wildfires. Through impacts on tree recruitment, the degree of fire consumption of soil organic layers can act as an important determinant of whether black spruce forests regenerate to a forest composition similar to the prefire forest, or to a new forest composition dominated by deciduous hardwoods. Here we present a simple, rule-based framework for predicting fire-initiated changes in forest cover within Alaska's black spruce forests. Four components are presented: (1) a key to classifying potential site moisture, (2) a summary of conditions that favor black spruce self-replacement, (3) a key to predicting postfire forest recovery in recently burned stands, and (4) an appendix of photos to be used as a visual reference tool. This report should be useful to managers in designing fire management actions and predicting the effects of recent and future fires on postfire forest cover in black spruce forests of interior Alaska.
Author: Jill Frances Johnstone Publisher: ISBN: Category : Black spruce Languages : en Pages : 46
Book Description
Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) B.S.P) is the dominant forest cover type in interior Alaska and is prone to frequent, stand-replacing wildfires. Through impacts on tree recruitment, the degree of fire consumption of soil organic layers can act as an important determinant of whether black spruce forests regenerate to a forest composition similar to the prefire forest, or to a new forest composition dominated by deciduous hardwoods. Here we present a simple, rule-based framework for predicting fire-initiated changes in forest cover within Alaska's black spruce forests. Four components are presented: (1) a key to classifying potential site moisture, (2) a summary of conditions that favor black spruce self-replacement, (3) a key to predicting postfire forest recovery in recently burned stands, and (4) an appendix of photos to be used as a visual reference tool. This report should be useful to managers in designing fire management actions and predicting the effects of recent and future fires on postfire forest cover in black spruce forests of interior Alaska.
Author: United States Department of Agriculture Publisher: CreateSpace ISBN: 9781508770886 Category : Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) B.S.P) is the dominant forest cover type in interior Alaska and is prone to frequent, stand-replacing wildfires. Through impacts on tree recruitment, the degree of fire consumption of soil organic layers can act as an important determinant of whether black spruce forests regenerate to a forest composition similar to the prefire forest, or to a new forest composition dominated by deciduous hardwoods. Here we present a simple, rule-based framework for predicting fire-initiated changes in forest cover within Alaska's black spruce forests. Four components are presented: (1) a key to classifying potential site moisture, (2) a summary of conditions that favor black spruce self-replacement, (3) a key to predicting postfire forest recovery in recently burned stands, and (4) an appendix of photos to be used as a visual reference tool. This report should be useful to managers in designing fire management actions and predicting the effects of recent and future fires on postfire forest cover in black spruce forests of interior Alaska.
Author: Emily Louise Bernhardt Publisher: ISBN: Category : Black spruce Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
"In interior Alaska black spruce forest succession and vegetation properties are tightly linked to fire disturbance, partly due to the functional properties of species. Climatically induced changes in the fire regime could negatively affect some functional groups and potentially lower the functional diversity of stands through changes in fire severity and site moisture. In addition, there is little information regarding the relationship between pre- and post-fire community composition in black spruce communities of interior Alaska. To contribute to our knowledge regarding post-fire plant community dynamics, I investigated how post-fire community properties in relation to fire severity and site moisture: 1) species composition, in which pre- and post- fire community composition was compared to determine changes in species richness and functional diversity and 2) the functional traits of species. Pre- fire species composition in black spruce forests was dominated by late successional understory species and was most similar in species composition to low severity burned sites (regardless of stand age). Site moisture did not appear to affect the change in species composition post-fire in the first two years following fire. Functional groups that showed significant changes post-fire were bryophytes, lichen and evergreen shrubs. When each species was deconstructed into a set of functional traits, I observed that these traits were tightly linked to fire severity. These results have large implications under projected climate scenarios that predict increasing fire extent and severity in the boreal forest because high severity fire changes the species composition and associated functional traits of black spruce post-fire communities in interior Alaska"--Leaf iii.
Author: Emilia J. Grzesik Publisher: ISBN: Category : Black spruce Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
The flammability of black spruce forests is influenced by the fuel loadings and quality of fuels within a site, whereas the ability of a site to self-replace after fire, and thus forest resiliency, depends on the fire-ecological trait attributes of the plant community. Black spruce plant communities have been undergoing self-replacement succession from low to moderate severity fires for thousands of years, however, recent intensification of interior Alaska’s fire regime is leading to shifts in post-fire successional trajectories, resulting in many ecological implications. This study focuses on understanding the variation in black spruce forest flammability, based on fuel load quantity and quality, and fire-ecological plant traits in 28 black spruce dominated sites ranging across age and moisture gradients in interior Alaska. I quantified tree canopy, understory and below-ground fuel loads, developed models to predict fuel loads and then utilized my measurements of above-ground fuel load quantity and quality to calculate a site-level flammability index. Based on my analyses, significantly greater flammability indices, and thus burning potential, occur in sites greater than 34 years in age, at elevations greater than 302 m and with dry site moisture, which are representative of dry, nonacidic upland black spruce and dry, acidic upland black spruce-lichen forest ecosystems. Furthermore, although fire-ecological plant trait attributes of Hylocomium splendens and Vaccinium uliginosum vary with age and moisture gradients, the amount of intra-specific trait variation within a site could not be explained by stand age or moisture and thus forest resiliency is also likely independent of age and moisture gradients. Further research is necessary to explore both abiotic and biotic explanatory variables related to intra-specific plant trait variation to better understand variation in black spruce forest resiliency on the landscape. The results from this study can assist fire managers in the prediction of black spruce forest burning potential and its vulnerability to ecosystem shift post-fire.
Author: M. Joan Foote Publisher: ISBN: Category : Forest fires Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
One hundred thirty forests stands ranging in age from 1 month postfire to 200 years were sampled and described by successional series (white spruce and black spruce) and by developmental stage (newly burned, moss-herb, tall shrub-sapling, dense tree, hardwood, and spruce). Patterns of change in the two successional series are described. In addition, 12 mature forest communities are described in quantitative and qualitative terms.
Author: Jill Frances Johnstone
Author: Jill Frances Johnstone
Author: United States Department of Agriculture
Author: Jill F. Johnstone
Author: Rodney A. Norum
Author: Emily Louise Bernhardt
Author: Emilia J. Grzesik
Author: Nadia Lombardi
Author: Rodney A. Norum
Author: M. Joan Foote
Author: