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Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications for the Economic Research Service

Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications for the Economic Research Service PDF Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309380561
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 191

Book Description
The U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service (USDA/ERS) maintains four highly related but distinct geographic classification systems to designate areas by the degree to which they are rural. The original urban-rural code scheme was developed by the ERS in the 1970s. Rural America today is very different from the rural America of 1970 described in the first rural classification report. At that time migration to cities and poverty among the people left behind was a central concern. The more rural a residence, the more likely a person was to live in poverty, and this relationship held true regardless of age or race. Since the 1970s the interstate highway system was completed and broadband was developed. Services have become more consolidated into larger centers. Some of the traditional rural industries, farming and mining, have prospered, and there has been rural amenity-based in-migration. Many major structural and economic changes have occurred during this period. These factors have resulted in a quite different rural economy and society since 1970. In April 2015, the Committee on National Statistics convened a workshop to explore the data, estimation, and policy issues for rationalizing the multiple classifications of rural areas currently in use by the Economic Research Service (ERS). Participants aimed to help ERS make decisions regarding the generation of a county rural-urban scale for public use, taking into consideration the changed social and economic environment. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications for the Economic Research Service

Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications for the Economic Research Service PDF Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309380561
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 191

Book Description
The U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service (USDA/ERS) maintains four highly related but distinct geographic classification systems to designate areas by the degree to which they are rural. The original urban-rural code scheme was developed by the ERS in the 1970s. Rural America today is very different from the rural America of 1970 described in the first rural classification report. At that time migration to cities and poverty among the people left behind was a central concern. The more rural a residence, the more likely a person was to live in poverty, and this relationship held true regardless of age or race. Since the 1970s the interstate highway system was completed and broadband was developed. Services have become more consolidated into larger centers. Some of the traditional rural industries, farming and mining, have prospered, and there has been rural amenity-based in-migration. Many major structural and economic changes have occurred during this period. These factors have resulted in a quite different rural economy and society since 1970. In April 2015, the Committee on National Statistics convened a workshop to explore the data, estimation, and policy issues for rationalizing the multiple classifications of rural areas currently in use by the Economic Research Service (ERS). Participants aimed to help ERS make decisions regarding the generation of a county rural-urban scale for public use, taking into consideration the changed social and economic environment. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Modern Epidemiology

Modern Epidemiology PDF Author: Kenneth J. Rothman
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780781755641
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 776

Book Description
The thoroughly revised and updated Third Edition of the acclaimed Modern Epidemiology reflects both the conceptual development of this evolving science and the increasingly focal role that epidemiology plays in dealing with public health and medical problems. Coauthored by three leading epidemiologists, with sixteen additional contributors, this Third Edition is the most comprehensive and cohesive text on the principles and methods of epidemiologic research. The book covers a broad range of concepts and methods, such as basic measures of disease frequency and associations, study design, field methods, threats to validity, and assessing precision. It also covers advanced topics in data analysis such as Bayesian analysis, bias analysis, and hierarchical regression. Chapters examine specific areas of research such as disease surveillance, ecologic studies, social epidemiology, infectious disease epidemiology, genetic and molecular epidemiology, nutritional epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, reproductive epidemiology, and clinical epidemiology.

OECD Studies on Water Water and Cities Ensuring Sustainable Futures

OECD Studies on Water Water and Cities Ensuring Sustainable Futures PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264230149
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182

Book Description
This report focuses on the urban water management challenges facing cities across OECD countries, and explores both national and local policy responses with respect to water-risk exposure, the state of urban infrastructures and dynamics, and institutional and governance architectures.

Perspectives in Social Research Methods and Analysis

Perspectives in Social Research Methods and Analysis PDF Author: Howard Lune
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1412967392
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 457

Book Description
This book shows students the steps involved in the research process, the various strategies for conducting a valid social inquiry, and most importantly, the persuasiveness and elegance of reliable social research. It highlights the link between academic research and the real world. Included are carefully chosen examples of each of the major methodological techniques-survey, interviews, fieldwork observations, experiments, content analysis, secondary analysis and program evaluation. Also included are selections on sampling strategies, research ethics and both qualitative and quantitative data analysis.

Mixed Methods Research in Poverty and Vulnerability

Mixed Methods Research in Poverty and Vulnerability PDF Author: Keetie Roelen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 113745251X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 214

Book Description
The added value of mixed methods research in poverty and vulnerability is now widely established. Nevertheless, gaps and challenges remain. This volume shares experiences from research in developed and developing country contexts on how mixed methods approaches can make research more credible, usable and responsive to complexity.

Health Services Reports

Health Services Reports PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Audio-visual materials
Languages : en
Pages : 812

Book Description


Research in Education

Research in Education PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 1262

Book Description


Proceedings of the 1st Lawang Sewu International Symposium 2022 on Health Sciences (LSISHS 2022)

Proceedings of the 1st Lawang Sewu International Symposium 2022 on Health Sciences (LSISHS 2022) PDF Author: Satriya Pranata
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9464631325
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 452

Book Description
This is an open access book. 1st Lawang Sewu International Symposium 2022 on Health Sciences is an annual international symposium held by Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. Symposium was held on November 28, 2022 in Semarang, Central Java Indonesia by online. Lecturers, professionals, researches, and students are invited in 1st Lawang Sewu International Symposium 2022 on Health Sciences for discussion. Study focused on Health Sciences are welcome. The submitted papers must meet the criteria including originality, novelty, not yet published, and must be written in English language. Symposium will be held through online due to Covid-19 pandemic situation.

Monthly Labor Review

Monthly Labor Review PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Labor laws and legislation
Languages : en
Pages : 1572

Book Description


Handbook of Effective Literacy Instruction

Handbook of Effective Literacy Instruction PDF Author: Barbara M. Taylor
Publisher: Guilford Publications
ISBN: 1462519245
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 641

Book Description
"The intent of this handbook is to provide a comprehensive, forward-looking, research-based resource for teachers, teacher-educators, and researchers on the key, inter-connected components of effective literacy instruction. The book is designed so that it is a readily useable resource for pre-service and practicing teachers as well. Every chapter in sections I, II, III, and IV includes substantial suggestions for implementing research-based practices in the classroom and for engaging in professional learning to help teachers increase their effectiveness as literacy instructors. Every chapter in section IV also includes substantial suggestions for fostering collaboration among staff and, when applicable, parents within schools"--