A Detailed Study of Mineral Compositions and Dihedral Angles Within the Hannah Peak Section of the Dufek Intrusion Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica PDF Download
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Author: Jacob D. Carnes Publisher: ISBN: 9781303657146 Category : Geology Languages : en Pages : 229
Book Description
The Jurassic Dufek Intrusion in Antarctica is arguably one of the largest layered intrusions in the world. However the mechanisms by which it grew are unclear. Previously published geochemical trends suggest that it grew by a few kilometer(s) thick injections of magma. However, laterally continuous, sharp based, modally graded pyroxenitic units may represent repeated small magma replenishments that successively constructed the Dufek Intrusion. This research addresses the questions of i) how the Dufek intrusion was constructed, ii) what controls the original texture of the crystals upon crystallization, and iii) whether or not the texture is partially or fully equilibrated during the cooling of the Dufek Intrusion. Abrupt shifts in mineral compositions across two pyroxene-rich horizons, plus the presence of xenocrysts and xenoliths indicate that the pyroxene-rich horizons are products of magma replenishments and that the intrusion grew by repeated small injections of magma. Dihedral angle variation and non-equilibrated grain boundaries suggest that impingement textures are preserved and only minor textural equilibration took place. It is found that modal abundance of plagioclase at least partially controls the dihedral angle population.
Author: Jacob D. Carnes Publisher: ISBN: 9781303657146 Category : Geology Languages : en Pages : 229
Book Description
The Jurassic Dufek Intrusion in Antarctica is arguably one of the largest layered intrusions in the world. However the mechanisms by which it grew are unclear. Previously published geochemical trends suggest that it grew by a few kilometer(s) thick injections of magma. However, laterally continuous, sharp based, modally graded pyroxenitic units may represent repeated small magma replenishments that successively constructed the Dufek Intrusion. This research addresses the questions of i) how the Dufek intrusion was constructed, ii) what controls the original texture of the crystals upon crystallization, and iii) whether or not the texture is partially or fully equilibrated during the cooling of the Dufek Intrusion. Abrupt shifts in mineral compositions across two pyroxene-rich horizons, plus the presence of xenocrysts and xenoliths indicate that the pyroxene-rich horizons are products of magma replenishments and that the intrusion grew by repeated small injections of magma. Dihedral angle variation and non-equilibrated grain boundaries suggest that impingement textures are preserved and only minor textural equilibration took place. It is found that modal abundance of plagioclase at least partially controls the dihedral angle population.
Author: Anthony M. Evans Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118685024 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Much new data and many new ideas have emerged in the area of oregeology and industrial minerals since publication of the secondedition of this text in 1987. The overriding philosophy behind thisnew edition is the inclusion and integration of this new materialwithin the established framework of the text. The third edition isre-presented in the modern double-column format. Non-metallic deposits of industrial and bulk materials are fullycovered to meet the changing emphasis of courses in appliedgeology. In addition, chapter 1 has been considerably enlarged toinclude a section on mineral economics covering metals, industrialminerals and bulk materials. In this section, the various aspectsof economic exploitation of industrial and bulk materials arecompared with those of metallic deposits. Other major revisions andadditions include a section on fluid inclusions, expansion of thesection on wall rock alteration, expansion of the material onisotope studies, and the inclusion of a section on hydraulicfracturing and seismic pumping.
Author: Bernard Charlier Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9401796521 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 749
Book Description
This edited work contains the most recent advances related to the study of layered intrusions and cumulate rocks formation. The first part of this book presents reviews and new views of processes producing the textural, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of layered igneous rocks. The second part summarizes progress in the study of selected layered intrusions and their ore deposits from different parts of the world including Canada, Southwest China, Greenland and South Africa. Thirty experts have contributed to this update on recent research on Layered Intrusions. This highly informative book will provide insight for researchers with an interest in geology, igneous petrology, geochemistry and mineral resources.
Author: K. J. Schulz Publisher: Geological Survey ISBN: 9781411339910 Category : Industrial minerals Languages : en Pages : 868
Book Description
As the importance and dependence of specific mineral commodities increase, so does concern about their supply. The United States is currently 100 percent reliant on foreign sources for 20 mineral commodities and imports the majority of its supply of more than 50 mineral commodities. Mineral commodities that have important uses and face potential supply disruption are critical to American economic and national security. However, a mineral commodity's importance and the nature of its supply chain can change with time; a mineral commodity that may not have been considered critical 25 years ago may be critical today, and one considered critical today may not be so in the future. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our economy and security. For each mineral commodity covered, the authors provide a comprehensive look at (1) the commodity's use; (2) the geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible future supply of the commodity; (3) the current status of production, reserves, and resources in the United States and globally; and (4) environmental considerations related to the commodity's production from different types of mineral deposits. The volume describes U.S. critical mineral resources in a global context, for no country can be self-sufficient for all its mineral commodity needs, and the United States will always rely on global mineral commodity supply chains. This volume provides the scientific understanding of critical mineral resources required for informed decisionmaking by those responsible for ensuring that the United States has a secure and sustainable supply of mineral commodities.
Author: Matthew J. Kohn Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110561891 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.
Author: Gregory P. Dietl Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 022650686X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 329
Book Description
In conservation, perhaps no better example exists of the past informing the present than the return of the California condor to the Vermilion Cliffs of Arizona. Extinct in the region for nearly one hundred years, condors were successfully reintroduced starting in the 1990s in an effort informed by the fossil record—condor skeletal remains had been found in the area’s late-Pleistocene cave deposits. The potential benefits of applying such data to conservation initiatives are unquestionably great, yet integrating the relevant disciplines has proven challenging. Conservation Paleobiology gathers a remarkable array of scientists—from Jeremy B. C. Jackson to Geerat J. Vermeij—to provide an authoritative overview of how paleobiology can inform both the management of threatened species and larger conservation decisions. Studying endangered species is difficult. They are by definition rare, some exist only in captivity, and for those still in their native habitats any experimentation can potentially have a negative effect on survival. Moreover, a lack of long-term data makes it challenging to anticipate biotic responses to environmental conditions that are outside of our immediate experience. But in the fossil and prefossil records—from natural accumulations such as reefs, shell beds, and caves to human-made deposits like kitchen middens and archaeological sites—enlightening parallels to the Anthropocene can be found that might serve as a primer for present-day predicaments. Offering both deep-time and near-time perspectives and exploring a range of ecological and evolutionary dynamics and taxa from terrestrial as well as aquatic habitats, Conservation Paleobiology is a sterling demonstration of how the past can be used to manage for the future, giving new hope for the creation and implementation of successful conservation programs.
Author: Michael R. Rosen Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030665763 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 592
Book Description
This book honors the career of Professor Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch who was a pioneer and leader in the field of limnogeology since the 1980s. Her work was instrumental in guiding students and professionals in the field until her untimely death in 2016. This collection of chapters was written by her colleagues and students and recognize the important role that Professor Gierlowski-Kordesch had in advancing the field of limnogeology. The chapters show the breadth of her reach as these have been contributed from virtually every continent. This book will be a primary reference for scientists, professionals and graduate students who are interested in the latest advances in limnogeologic processes and basin descriptions in North and South America, Europe, Africa, and China. *Free supplementary material available online for chapters 3,11,12 and 13. Access by searching for the book on link.springer.com
Author: Jacob D. Carnes
Author: Jacob D. Carnes
Author: José Mariano Haensel
Author: Anthony M. Evans
Author: Bernard Charlier
Author: K. J. Schulz
Author: Gerard V. Middleton
Author: Victor Bulmer-Thomas
Author: Matthew J. Kohn
Author: Gregory P. Dietl
Author: Michael R. Rosen