Eosinophils in Health and Disease PDF Download

Author: Patricia C. Fulkerson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 295

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Book Description
Airway inflammation in asthma is complex, involving innate and adaptive responses, pathologic Th2 sensitization, and alterations in tolerance. In this thesis, we aimed to characterize the contribution of chemokines, CCR3 signal transduction, and eosinophils to experimental asthma. Our studies, implicating the involvement of 17 chemokines in experimental asthma, highlight the complex interaction between numerous chemokines in the setting of allergic airway inflammation. We provide evidence for a murine eosinophil inhibitory pathway mediated by the chemokine CXCL9 (Mig) that potently blocks eosinophil chemoattraction and function by a mechanism dependent on CCR3 and Rac2. Our findings support a new paradigm whereby the major eosinophil chemokine receptor CCR3, previously identified solely as a powerful activating receptor in eosinophils, can transmit positive or negative signals depending upon the ligand engaged. We also demonstrate that eosinophil recruitment into the lung tissue is dependent on CCR3 in two different chronic experimental asthma models. In addition, we provide evidence that airway eosinophilia induced by IL-13 is CCR3- and eotaxin-2-dependent. Taken together, these results establish a regulatory chemokine network with the ability to inhibit or recruit particular leukocytes and localize the cells to specific target areas within a tissue utilizing the same chemokine receptor CCR3. To further define the relationship between allergic airway inflammation and the remodeling process, we induced chronic experimental asthma in mice with eosinophil recruitment defects. We reveal a critical role for CCR3 and eosinophils in allergen-induced mucus production and the orchestration of total leukocyte recruitment into the lung lumen. Importantly, we also demonstrate that CCR3-deficiency protects against methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. In addition, analysis of the reversibility of IL-13-induced chronic inflammation and lung remodeling revealed that while some aspects of chronic airway pathology are reversible (e.g. mucus cell metaplasia and lung eosinophilia), other important features remain or worsen during the repair process, providing compelling evidence that many of the prominent effects of IL-13 in the lung remain persistent following the initial pathological insult. Collectively, we provide evidence for a central role for CCR3 signal transduction and eosinophils in the development of multiple aspects of allergic airway disease.

Author: James J. Lee
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012394385X
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 679

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Book Description
Eosinophils in Health and Disease provides immunology researchers and students with a comprehensive overview of current thought and cutting-edge eosinophil research, providing chapters on basic science, disease-specific issues, therapeutics, models for study and areas of emerging importance.

Author: Gennaro Ciliberto
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780203904244
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 392

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Book Description
Compiling an up-to-date and detailed survey of the role cytokines play in cell-to-cell communication, development, and differentiation, this comprehensive reference highlights the medical advantages of cytokine inhibition and pursues novel methods of discovery for more potent and specific blocking agents. Investigates the pathogenic role of

Author: Gianni Marone
Publisher: Karger Medical Scientific
ISBN: 9783805569743
Category : Chemokines
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Eosinophils represent approximately 1% of peripheral blood leukocytes and play a central proinflammatory and immunoregulatory role in various immune disorders. This volume provides the reader with a comprehensive survey of the major aspects of human eosinophilic biology and immunology as well as the most clinically relevant aspects of eosinophil-related disorders. Expert contributions cover the ultrastructural and phenotypic characteristics of human eosinophils, and their fundamental biochemical features including receptors for IgE and chemokines. The production of cytokines and their role in the activation of eosinophils are reviewed. Furthermore, the classic eosinophil-related disorders such as hypereosinophilia, drug reactions, allergic disorders and some cardiovascular diseases are described. Each of the chapters is written by an investigator actively engaged in research on the topic under consideration. The well-edited and stimulating material compiled in this volume will be of interest to all those working in allergology, immunology, biochemistry and pulmonary medicine.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 848

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Author: Gianni Marone
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080535852
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 738

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Book Description
Mast Cells and Basophils will be essential reading for immunologists, biochemists and medical researchers. Detailed chapters cover all aspects of mast cell and basophil research, from cell development, proteases, histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes, physiology and pathology to the role of these cells in health and disease. Chapters also discuss the clinical implications of histamine receptor antagonists.

Author: A. Barry Kay
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 144430092X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2184

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Book Description
Reserve your copy now This two volume book is an outstanding reference source on allaspects of allergy and allergic diseases. Covering virtually everyallergic condition, from the immunological and molecular basis ofthe allergic response to future trends in allergic diseaseprevention, this new international editorial team (A.B.Kay, JeanBousquet, Pat Holt and Allen Kaplan) have completely revised andupdated the text, from both a scientific and clinical perspective.References will continue to be added to the text until it goes topress making this the most up-to-date book available in thefield. This second edition consists of more than 1,800 pages containedwithin 98 chapters. The price includes a fully searchable companion CD ROM with thecomplete text and over 300 images from the book in full colour.

Author: Thomas F. DeRosa
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080480918
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 701

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Book Description
Significant Pharmaceuticals Reported in US Patents identifies the next generation of pharmaceuticals reported in US Patents. This "hands-on" title provides explicit laboratory methods for preparing the most recent and effective medications. Each entry documents the biological testing protocols used to evaluate a drug and the significance of the current treatment agent over previous methods. Pharmaceuticals are included in this review only if at least two of the following criteria were met: Effectiveness in treating an illness, Innovative, ease of preparation, synergy with existing Medications. Pharmaceuticals are reported for 27 separate classes of illness, including: AIDS, Alzheimer's Disease, Cardiovascular Disorders, Diabetes, Epilepsy, Hepatitis C, Osteoporosis, Obesity and Sleep Disorders. Significant Pharmaceuticals Reported in US Patents has been designed to be used as both a reference and synthetic guide for pharmaceutical, medicinal and organic chemists and graduate students. Researchers working in other areas will also find the information valuable as in many instances intermediates or the next generation pharmaceutical are readily convertible into other industrial products including: anti-oxidants, chemical additives, herbicides, polymer precursors, water purification agents. Clear structural depictions of reagents and chemical transformations have been supplied to permit the identification of other future applications. Identifies next generation pharmaceuticals Provides practical preparation methods for each active agent and derivatives Documents the analytical characterization and biological testing results of active agents

Author: Manzoor M. Khan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387779760
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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Book Description
During the past decades, with the introduction of the recombinant DNA, hybridoma and transgenic technologies there has been an exponential evolution in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of a large number of human diseases. The technologies are evident with the development of cytokines and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents and the techniques used in gene therapy. Immunopharmacology is that area of biomedical sciences where immunology, pharmacology and pathology overlap. It concerns the pharmacological approach to the immune response in physiological as well as pathological events. This goals and objectives of this textbook are to emphasize the developments in immunology and pharmacology as they relate to the modulation of immune response. The information includes the pharmacology of cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, mechanism of action of immune-suppressive agents and their relevance in tissue transplantation, therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AIDS and the techniques employed in gene therapy. The book is intended for health care professional students and graduate students in pharmacology and immunology.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
With the recent approval of the first eosinophil-depleting therapeutic agents targeting the IL-5 pathway for treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma, eosinophils and eosinophilic disorders are in the limelight. Indeed, setbacks during clinical development of these compounds have revealed how much remains to be known about eosinophil biology in vivo, and have nurtured profuse research both on basic eosinophil biology and on pathogenic disease mechanisms, in order to better delineate the most meaningful targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. On one hand, variable degrees of eosinophil depletion observed in some compartments during IL-5-targeted treatment indicate that certain eosinophil subsets may not rely on this cytokine and/or that other important pro-eosinophilic mediators and signaling pathways are operative in vivo. On the other hand, it is increasingly clear that disorders involving eosinophils such as asthma are the final outcome of complex interactions between diverse cell types and mediators, beyond eosinophils and IL-5. These include type 2 helper T (Th2) cells and innate lymphoid cells, mast cells, and a variety of factors that either activate eosinophils or are released by them. Although a considerable amount of research has focused on asthma because it is a common condition and because management of severe asthma remains a major challenge, several rare eosinophilic disorders with more homogenous features have proven to be extremely useful models to reach a better understanding of the involvement of eosinophils in tissue damage and dysfunction, and of the micro-environmental interactions operating within the complex network of eosinophilic inflammation. Unraveling this interplay has resulted in advances in the development of molecular tools to detect disease subsets and to monitor therapeutic responses, and in identification of promising new therapeutic targets. This Research Topic dedicated to eosinophilic conditions covers aspects of the biology of eosinophils and closely related cells of particular relevance for drug development, reports on translational research investigating pathogenic mechanisms of specific eosinophilic disorders in humans that will likely result in significant changes in the way patients are managed, and presents an overview of the current advancement of targeted drug development for these conditions, with a special focus on asthma.