Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 136
Book Description
A Computer Simulation of Aircraft Evacuation with Fire
Author: The Numerical Simulation of Aircraft Evacuation and Its Application to Aircraft Design and Certification
Author: Matthew OwenPublisher:
ISBN: 9781899991280
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 27
Book Description
Computer based mathematical models describing the aircraft evacuation process have a vital role to play in the design and development of safer aircraft, in the implementation of safer and more rigorous certification criteria and in cabin crew training and post-mortem accident investigation. As the risk of personal injury and costs involved in performing large-scale evacuation experiments for the next generation 'Ultra high capacity aircraft' (UHCA) are expected to be high, the development and use of these evacuation modelling tools may become essential if these aircraft are to prove a viable reality. This paper described the capabilities and limitations of the airEXODUS evacuation model and some attemps at validation, including its successful application to the prediction of a recent certification trial, prior to the actual trial taking place. Also described is a newly defined performance parameter known as OPS that can be used as a measure of evacuation trial optimality. In addition, sample evacuation simulations in the presence of fire atmospheres are described.
GPSS Computer Simulation of Aircraft Passenger Emergency Evacuations
Author: J. D. GarnerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Book Description
GPSS/360 Computer Models to Simulate Aircraft Passenger Emergency Evacuation
Author: Civil Aeromedical Research Institute (U.S.)Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Book Description
Emergency Evacuation Computer Simulation - Program Description and User's Guide
Author: James GillespiePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 80
Book Description
A computer model has been developed that simulated emergency evacuation in transport category aircraft. Two computer programs are available that model wide and narrow body aircraft. The computer model is statistical in that a gamma function is assumed to obtain a probability distribution for time path segments of a passenger during evacuation. The program has been successfully run on a IBM 370/155 computer. Running time is dependent on the number of passengers and number of simulations run. Running time is approximately one minute for five evacuations of a 80 passenger narrow body aircraft. For 100 evacuations of a 389 passenger wide body aircraft running time is approximately 90 minutes. (Author).
A Particle Swarm Optimization Based Multi-agent Stochastic Evacuation Simulation Model
Author: Zhendan XuePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 193
Book Description
ItalicHow do we evaluate the evacuation efficiency of a building floor plan or an aircraft cabin? The most direct approach is to arrange evacuation drills for the evaluation purpose. However, several disadvantages have been associated with these drills. Firstly, these drills are usually considered dangerous, especially when a large number of participants are involved. Secondly, these drills usually require relatively long time and a large amount of money to prepare. Furthermore, the cost increases dramatically when the number of participants increases or when the drill fails and a new one needs to be re-designed. Lastly but not least, it is typically the case that only limited number of trials can be performed in each evacuation drill due to the time-consuming planning and enormous cost. Therefore, the trial results could easily be biased if the number of trials is not sufficient.^The other approach to guarantee the evacuation efficiency is to keep floor plan designs in compliance with relevant prescriptive Building Code or Aircraft Safety Code. However, these codes are typically conservative in nature therefore hinder the innovation of floor plan designs. Performance-Based Code, on the other hand, allows engineers to design fire protection individually for each new building or aircraft using alternative methods other than prescriptive ones, with a maximum design freedom.^To evaluate the evacuation efficiency conveniently and efficiently in performance-based design, computer simulation models, besides being cost efficient and eliminating the need of involving real participants, can perform repeated tests fairly easily with a built-in stochastic feature that enables a reasonable representation of appropriate behaviors across a spectrum of situations. This dissertation research introduces a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based multi-agent stochastic evacuation simulation model incorporating fire hazards and critical human behaviors. The model has two sub-models: Vacate and VacateAir. The former one is for building evacuation simulation and the latter one is for aircraft evacuation simulation. The model utilizes a modified PSO Algorithm as a path finding algorithm that directs evacuees to the final exit as well as dynamically adjusts evacuees' direction according to fire hazards and crowd movements.^The fire data are pre-calculated in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and imported in the model for the use of conducting Human Tenability Analysis (HTA). Critical human behaviors that identified in building and aircraft evacuation are simulated and their impact on the evacuation efficiency is evaluated. There are numerous advantages in applying modified PSO as the path finding algorithm. Application of this strategy overcomes several limitations of existing evacuation models, e.g. eliminating the need to divide the entire floor plan layout into grids and nodes therefore saving substantial computational expense and enabling a simulation of the continuous movement of evacuees, which outperforms the jagged and often unrealistic movement generated by traditional grid-based path finding algorithms.^With these improved features and validations against published evacuation experimental data, Vacate (for building evacuation) and VacateAir (for aircraft evacuation) can help designers and fire protection engineers conduct the performance-based design of buildings and aircraft more conveniently. The parametric study of the effects of physical factors such as exit width, aisle width, seat pitch and evacuation motivation (competitive or cooperative), on evacuation efficiency not only provides valuable information to building and aircraft designers, but also opens a potentially new avenue in the future research work on the System-of-Systems (SoS) design approach by coupling the evacuation system with aerodynamic system, weight system, and airline resource allocation system./italic
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author: Emergency Evacuation of Commercial Airplanes
Author: Evacuation Modeling Trends
Author: Arturo CuestaPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319207083
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 138
Book Description
This book presents an overview of modeling definitions and concepts, theory on human behavior and human performance data, available tools and simulation approaches, model development, and application and validation methods. It considers the data and research efforts needed to develop and incorporate functions for the different parameters into comprehensive escape and evacuation simulations, with a number of examples illustrating different aspects and approaches. After an overview of basic modeling approaches, the book discusses benefits and challenges of current techniques. The representation of evacuees is a central issue, including human behavior and the proper implementation of representational tools. Key topics include the nature and importance of the different parameters involved in ASET and RSET and the interactions between them. A review of the current literature on verification and validation methods is provided, with a set of recommended verification tests and examples of validation tests. The book concludes with future challenges: new scenarios and factors for future model developments, addresses the problem of using deterministic and/or stochastic approaches and proposes, and discusses the use of evacuation models for supporting timely decisions in real-time. Written by international experts, Evacuation Modeling Trends is designed for those involved in safety, from emergency and intervention personnel to students, engineers and researchers.
Use of Object-oriented Programming to Simulate Human Behavior in Emergency Evacuation of an Aircrafts Passenger Cabin
Author: Mary C. CourtPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aircraft accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 11
Book Description
OOP allows a one-to-one correspondence with the physical world, and thus, eases the burden of model validation. Validation is critical to the successful use of a model as a predictive tool and involves testing to ensure that the model accurately reflects the behavior of a real system. Easing model validation is of particular importance since the real system's environment is hazardous, and performing any tests on the real system is either impossible or not repeatable. The result of this work will help to expand the simulation's capabilities in improved passenger queuing analysis by allowing the incorporation of human behavior into class objects.