A Cognitive Dimensional Approach to Understanding Comorbidity Among Reading Disability, Math Disability, and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder PDF Download
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Author: Amanda Child Publisher: ISBN: Category : Attention Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Reading disability (RD), math disability (MD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common disorders that frequently co-occur in school-aged children. However, it is not yet clear which cognitive factors contribute to the comorbidities between the three disorders and which cognitions are uniquely related to one disorder. Thus, the present study considers how reading, math, and attention outcomes are related to PA, numerosity, WM, and PS. In response to findings that all three disorders exist on a continuum as opposed to representing groups that are fundamentally different from the normative population, this study employed a dimensional approach. Furthermore, in order to elucidate how the cognitive predictors relate to different methods of assessing math and reading ability, both timed and untimed academic outcomes were utilized. Inattention as well as hyperactivity outcomes were also considered. Results from this study support the role of working memory and phonological awareness in the comorbidities between reading, math, and attention outcomes, with a limited role of processing speed. Numerosity was also found to be related to the comorbidity between math and inattention. Results from timed outcomes and hyperactivity were generally similar to those with untimed and inattention outcomes, although hyperactivity was less strongly related to academic and attention outcomes in general. These findings have implications for understanding cognitive deficits that contribute to comorbidities between RD, MD, and ADHD.
Author: Amanda Child Publisher: ISBN: Category : Attention Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Reading disability (RD), math disability (MD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common disorders that frequently co-occur in school-aged children. However, it is not yet clear which cognitive factors contribute to the comorbidities between the three disorders and which cognitions are uniquely related to one disorder. Thus, the present study considers how reading, math, and attention outcomes are related to PA, numerosity, WM, and PS. In response to findings that all three disorders exist on a continuum as opposed to representing groups that are fundamentally different from the normative population, this study employed a dimensional approach. Furthermore, in order to elucidate how the cognitive predictors relate to different methods of assessing math and reading ability, both timed and untimed academic outcomes were utilized. Inattention as well as hyperactivity outcomes were also considered. Results from this study support the role of working memory and phonological awareness in the comorbidities between reading, math, and attention outcomes, with a limited role of processing speed. Numerosity was also found to be related to the comorbidity between math and inattention. Results from timed outcomes and hyperactivity were generally similar to those with untimed and inattention outcomes, although hyperactivity was less strongly related to academic and attention outcomes in general. These findings have implications for understanding cognitive deficits that contribute to comorbidities between RD, MD, and ADHD.
Author: Bartholomeus J.A. de Groot Publisher: Maklu ISBN: 9044132768 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 191
Book Description
This study concerns the question whether different reading-related neurocognitive profiles can be observed for reading proficiency based groups of children, who attend the upper levels of Dutch primary education. Besides distinguishing between normal-to-good reading children and children with Reading Disabilities (RD), subgroups are discerned for two frequently reported comorbidities of RD, i.e., Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Specific Language Impairment (SLI). The research of this PhD thesis is organized into two empirical sections on different branches of reading-related neurocognitive research, which are elaborated in five studies. The first section focuses on the cognitive processes of phonemic awareness and rapid automatized naming, and the first study specifically addresses the question as to how the severity of RD affects the relative importance of these processes. Additionally, it is investigated how this works out for above-average and excellent readers. Involving the same processes, the second and third study focus on the issue of comorbidity with SLI and ADHD. The second section contains the fourth and fifth study which investigate the relatively novel link between word reading and two aspects of visual attention, i.e., selective attention and orienting of attention. In the general discussion the employed working model of reading is supplied with empirically based estimates of the neurocognitive effect sizes. A main conclusion of the present study is that the addition of visual attention measurements to a phonological reading model provides an enhanced understanding of the cognitive basis of word reading, and offers interesting new perspectives on differential-diagnostic procedures and treatment planning.
Author: Lynda J. Katz Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0306466333 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
Learning disabilities is a subject that is usually associated with school-aged children where the research and intervention strategies are well known. Much less research has been done for assessing and diagnosing older adolescents and adults in this area. This work is an effort to provide a comprehensive review of what we know about certain of these disorders, specifically: language-based learning disorders; nonverbal learning disorders; high-functioning autism; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; and mathematics disorders and how they manifest themselves in the later years of development and maturity. A chapter addresses each one of these disorders of learning. Included in each chapter is a discussion of historical perspectives, definitions and diagnostic criteria, incidence and prevalence data, comorbidity studies, pertinent research from all relevant fields of study, reasonable accommodations in academia as well as the workplace, and outcome data. This much-needed review will be of interest to clinicians in neuropsychology, educational psychology, and psychopharmacology.
Author: Michelle M. Martel Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128162589 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 246
Book Description
The Clinical Guide to Assessment and Treatment of Childhood Learning and Attention Problems provides assessment and treatment recommendations for learning disorders (LD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Brimming with case studies and other practical guidance, the book reviews etiology of LD and ADHD, outlines the diagnostic criteria per DSM-5, and includes clinical insights for assessment and intervention. Evidence-based assessment and intervention strategies are emphasized, linking assessment to treatment selection and evaluation. Techniques for improving treatment outcomes and supplemental intervention planning are presented, including common modifications and accommodations for learning disorders and attention problems. In addition, tutoring techniques, strategies for specific types of learning problems, and recommendations for Individualized Education Plans are all explored. Provides an integrated approach to LD/ADHD assessment and treatment Explores treatment implications for ADHD/LD comorbidity Guides readers on how to select the best intervention strategy from evidence-based treatments Reviews behavioral-based treatment Includes supplemental intervention strategies, tutoring techniques, and IEPs Features a broad array of clinical case studies
Author: Bruce F. Pennington Publisher: Guilford Publications ISBN: 1462545947 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
A definitive reference--now extensively revised with 70% new material--this book presents cutting-edge knowledge on how learning disorders develop and how to diagnose and treat them effectively. In addition to dyslexia and mathematics disabilities, the book covers speech and language disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability. Accessibly written, it is grounded in genetics, neuroscience, and developmental neuropsychology. Clinicians and educators are guided to make sense of children's impairments and strengths and make sound diagnostic decisions. Best practices in intervention are reviewed. User-friendly features include case examples and summary tables in each disorder-specific chapter. New to This Edition *Revised throughout to reflect major theoretical, empirical, and technological advances. *Chapters on etiology, brain development, and comorbidity. *Chapters on DSM-5 diagnosis of specific learning disorder, evidence-based assessment, and achievement gaps.
Author: Bruce F. Pennington Publisher: Guilford Publications ISBN: 1462537952 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 501
Book Description
A definitive reference--now extensively revised with 70% new material--this book presents cutting-edge knowledge on how learning disorders develop and how to diagnose and treat them effectively. In addition to dyslexia and mathematics disabilities, the book covers speech and language disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability. Accessibly written, it is grounded in genetics, neuroscience, and developmental neuropsychology. Clinicians and educators are guided to make sense of children's impairments and strengths and make sound diagnostic decisions. Best practices in intervention are reviewed. User-friendly features include case examples and summary tables in each disorder-specific chapter. New to This Edition *Revised throughout to reflect major theoretical, empirical, and technological advances. *Chapters on etiology, brain development, and comorbidity. *Chapters on DSM-5 diagnosis of specific learning disorder, evidence-based assessment, and achievement gaps.
Author: Lara Ipekian Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"Objective. To examine the prevalence of comorbid mental health disorders (MHD) and personality disorders (PD) in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and specific learning disorders (SLD). Furthermore, to identify whether the nature of these comorbidities differs depending on the type of SLD.Method. This retrospective chart review analyzes 842 clinically referred adults. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed.Results. Adults with ADHD and SLD, versus ADHD alone, had higher rates of current MHD (52.63% and 41.10%), history of MHD (63.16% and 54.34%), and PD (51.31% and 47.03%). Adults with ADHD and math SLD were more likely to have current depression and a history of substance use disorder. Those with ADHD and reading SLD were more likely to have a history of social phobia.Conclusion. Having SLD in addition to ADHD significantly increases the risk of having particular mental health disorders. The type of SLD affects the nature of these comorbidities"--
Author: Martin Bax Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 190765500X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 169
Book Description
Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 187 In the last decade the term ‘comorbidity’ has gained popularity in the field of paediatric neurodisability, with the increasing recognition that many conditions are rarely present in isolation. Within this field, the term is often used to refer to the co-occurrence of conditions more frequently than would be expected by chance, which can include instances where one condition causes the other, where they share a common cause (for example, genetic), or where they are in fact manifestations of a single condition. Whether it is valid to use the term ‘comorbidity’ in all these situations, and how precisely it should be used, is something that the contributors to this book grapple with in their own fields of interest. The contributors, all world experts in their fields, also discuss what we can learn from the presence of comorbidities, however defined, about the aetiology and treatment of neurodevelopmental disabilities. In particular, they demonstrate how our increasing understanding of the mechanisms underlying the common association of many ‘comorbidities’ is helping us to understand the natural history of these conditions and improve our management of them. Readership Paediatricians, paediatric neurologists, child psychiatrists, neurodevelopmentalists, and physical, occupational and speech therapists working with children with developmental disabilities.
Author: Stephen P. Becker Publisher: Guilford Publications ISBN: 1462541879 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 449
Book Description
Bringing together leading authorities, this much-needed volume synthesizes current knowledge about the nature, impact, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the crucial developmental period of adolescence. Contributors explore the distinct challenges facing teens with ADHD as they navigate intensifying academic demands; new risks in the areas of driving, substance use, and romantic relationships; and co-occurring mental health problems. Best practices in clinical assessment are presented. Chapters on treatment--several of which include illustrative case examples--review interventions targeting motivation, executive functioning, and homework problems, as well as applications of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness. The book also examines medication issues specific to this age group.
Author: Amanda Child
Author: Amanda Child
Author: Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Author: Bartholomeus J.A. de Groot
Author: Lynda J. Katz
Author: Michelle M. Martel
Author: Bruce F. Pennington
Author: Bruce F. Pennington
Author: Lara Ipekian
Author: Martin Bax
Author: Stephen P. Becker