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Author: Giles Foody Publisher: Ubiquity Press ISBN: 191152917X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Maps are a fundamental resource in a diverse array of applications ranging from everyday activities, such as route planning through the legal demarcation of space to scientific studies, such as those seeking to understand biodiversity and inform the design of nature reserves for species conservation. For a map to have value, it should provide an accurate and timely representation of the phenomenon depicted and this can be a challenge in a dynamic world. Fortunately, mapping activities have benefitted greatly from recent advances in geoinformation technologies. Satellite remote sensing, for example, now offers unparalleled data acquisition and authoritative mapping agencies have developed systems for the routine production of maps in accordance with strict standards. Until recently, much mapping activity was in the exclusive realm of authoritative agencies but technological development has also allowed the rise of the amateur mapping community. The proliferation of inexpensive and highly mobile and location aware devices together with Web 2.0 technology have fostered the emergence of the citizen as a source of data. Mapping presently benefits from vast amounts of spatial data as well as people able to provide observations of geographic phenomena, which can inform map production, revision and evaluation. The great potential of these developments is, however, often limited by concerns. The latter span issues from the nature of the citizens through the way data are collected and shared to the quality and trustworthiness of the data. This book reports on some of the key issues connected with the use of citizen sensors in mapping. It arises from a European Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, which explored issues linked to topics ranging from citizen motivation, data acquisition, data quality and the use of citizen derived data in the production of maps that rival, and sometimes surpass, maps arising from authoritative agencies.
Author: Katrin Vohland Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030582787 Category : Communication Languages : en Pages : 520
Book Description
This open access book discusses how the involvement of citizens into scientific endeavors is expected to contribute to solve the big challenges of our time, such as climate change and the loss of biodiversity, growing inequalities within and between societies, and the sustainability turn. The field of citizen science has been growing in recent decades. Many different stakeholders from scientists to citizens and from policy makers to environmental organisations have been involved in its practice. In addition, many scientists also study citizen science as a research approach and as a way for science and society to interact and collaborate. This book provides a representation of the practices as well as scientific and societal outcomes in different disciplines. It reflects the contribution of citizen science to societal development, education, or innovation and provides and overview of the field of actors as well as on tools and guidelines. It serves as an introduction for anyone who wants to get involved in and learn more about the science of citizen science.
Author: Lois Wright Morton Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 144197282X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
This book is about accomplishing change in how land is managed in agricultural watersheds. Wide-ranging case studies repeatedly document that plans, policies, and regulations are not adequate substitutes for the empowerment of people. Ultimately change on the land is managed and accomplished by the people that live on land within each watershed.
Author: Srishti Gupta Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The world's water resources are in crisis due to human activities and global warming. Countdown to `Day Zero' in Cape Town, South Africa, lead contamination in Flint, Michigan, and groundwater loss in northern India are some vivid examples of recent water crisis around the world. In the last few decades, citizen-based approaches to ensure adequate local supplies of good quality water have become a popular way of monitoring and ensuring water quality. Greater citizen-based volunteer activity in local water systems is associated with better water quality. Citizen-based monitoring activities are termed as citizen science, where citizens of a community participate in scientific endeavors in various capacities. However, citizen science projects leaders and volunteers often face common challenges such as lack of appropriate technical infrastructure for data management, insufficient protocols to ensure data quality control and assurance, and limited opportunities for community engagement and visibility. These challenges lead to citizen science data and work becoming undervalued and under-leveraged by the government and decision-makers. Innovations addressing these socio-technical challenges can be shared among various citizen science groups through peer-to-peer collaboration. However, water quality primarily presents a regional concern for citizen science groups, leading them to operate in isolation and redundantly reinvent solutions to address these shared challenges. Encouraging distributed or peer-to-peer collaboration between different citizen groups holds the potential to streamline citizen science activities, preventing unnecessary expenditure of resources and time on issues that can otherwise be efficiently resolved through information and resource exchange. This dissertation aims to facilitate collaboration among distributed citizen science water-monitoring groups. My goal is to design an online community for these groups, fostering knowledge sharing, providing infrastructure support, and elevating the visibility of their activities. This networked community promotes inclusivity in science by facilitating learning, knowledge exchange, and collective problem-solving among citizen science groups, ultimately amplifying their impact and visibility. Towards this vision, I used a sustainable human-centered design approach that places communities and their water resources at the center of the design endeavor. I structured my research roadmap into three developmental stages: initiating with an exploratory analysis of current practices, followed by an exploration of the design space, and culminating in the development and evaluation of a collaborative system. In the initial stage, I conducted exploratory research to understand citizens' motivations for participating in scientific endeavors and their approaches to monitoring and safeguarding local water resources. Subsequently, participatory design hackathons were organized to explore practices, challenges, and propose design recommendations. In the second stage, I analyzed the design landscape of citizen-based water quality monitoring applications, informing the development of a comprehensive citizen science data platform aligned with the goals and requirements identified in the first stage. Finally, I focused on designing and evaluating collaboration systems to assess the feasibility of such platforms, deriving design implications and directions for facilitating effective distributed collaboration. This was achieved by investigating whether a platform supporting social networking and distributed collaboration could effectively address the requirements and goals outlined in the initial two stages. A user study of a community watershed social networking application was conducted for this purpose. Based on the findings, collaboration with key citizen science stakeholders led to the design and development support of the final collaboration system, the "Water Data Collaborative," a platform connecting distributed citizen science groups. Participatory design sessions were conducted to assess its design and elicit recommendations for enhancing the Water Data Collaborative. This dissertation is situated within the multifaceted context of sustainable HCI and CSCW, highlighting citizen science as a pivotal component of both areas of research. It integrates the interdisciplinary realms of sustainable HCI, CSCW, citizen science, and community informatics to offer a fresh perspective on empowering communities to embrace data-driven practices, mutual learning, and the preservation of local water and environmental resources.
Author: Rufino, M.C. Publisher: CIFOR ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 4
Book Description
Key messages Low-cost, reliable methods for monitoring water levels and water quality are needed to assist water-resource managers in their decision-making.'Citizen scientists' willing to take part in simple monitoring activi
Author: Alan Irwin Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134792581 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 213
Book Description
We are all concerned by the environmental threats facing us today. Environmental issues are a major area of concern for policy makers, industrialists and public groups of many different kinds. While science seems central to our understanding of such threats, the statements of scientists are increasingly open to challenge in this area. Meanwhile, citizens may find themselves labelled as `ignorant' in environmental matters. In Citizen Science Alan Irwin provides a much needed route through the fraught relationship between science, the public and the environmental threat.
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Author: Mark K. Mitchell
Author: Giles Foody
Author: Katrin Vohland
Author: Lois Wright Morton
Author: Srishti Gupta
Author: Rufino, M.C.
Author: Alan Irwin
Author: Mark K. Mitchell
Author: Institute for Environmental Education