23rd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering PDF Download

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Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444632417
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1085

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Book Description
Computer-aided process engineering (CAPE) plays a key design and operations role in the process industries, from the molecular scale through managing complex manufacturing sites. The research interests cover a wide range of interdisciplinary problems related to the current needs of society and industry. ESCAPE 23 brings together researchers and practitioners of computer-aided process engineering interested in modeling, simulation and optimization, synthesis and design, automation and control, and education. The proceedings present and evaluate emerging as well as established research methods and concepts, as well as industrial case studies. - Contributions from the international community using computer-based methods in process engineering - Reviews the latest developments in process systems engineering - Emphasis on industrial and societal challenges

Author: Calin-Cristian Cormos
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085320
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Book Description
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions generated from energy sector in the following years is a compulsory step to the transition to low carbon resource efficient economy. Among various methods to reduce CO2 emissions, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies have a special importance. A promising carbon capture method to be applied in energy conversion processes for reducing the energy penalty associated with carbon capture is based on chemical looping systems. This paper investigates CO2 capture based on chemical looping systems suitable to be applied in an IGCC plant for energy vectors poly-generation with emphasis on hydrogen and power co-generation case. The coal-based IGCC cases produce about 400 – 600 MW net electricity and a flexible hydrogen output from zero up to 150 MW hydrogen (based on hydrogen lower heating value) with almost total carbon capture rate of the used fossil fuel. A particular accent is put in the paper on the assessment of process integration issues of gasifier island and syngas conditioning line with the chemical looping unit, mathematical modeling and simulation of whole plant, thermal and power integration of chemical looping unit in the whole IGCC plant (using pinch analysis) and discussing quality specifications for captured CO2 stream considering storage in geological formations or using for EOR.

Author: Flavio Manenti
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 15

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Book Description
Multiscale process modeling is very appealing methodology for process optimization since it highlights certain issues that remain unexplored with conventional methodologies and debottlenecks certain potentialities that remain unexploited in chemical plants. In this work, a kinetic model with 2400 reactions and 140 species is implemented in a proper reactor network to characterize the thermal furnace and the waste heat boiler of sulfur recovery units; the network with detailed kinetics is the kernel of a Claus process simulation that include all the unit operations and the catalytic train. By doing so, reliable estimation of acid gas conversion, elemental sulfur recovery, and steam generation is achieved with the possibility to carry out an integrated process-energy optimization at the total plant scale.

Author: M. Moreno-Benito
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086564
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Book Description
This work addresses the optimization of the batch process recipe of an Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) aimed at reducing paracetamol (PCT) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentrations from a given effluent. The kinetic model by Cabrera Reina et al. (2012) is adapted to model the treatment, the problem is next formulated as a dynamic optimization problem and dosage of hydrogen peroxide is addressed by means of a piecewise constant strategy, which is compared with other dosage protocols. Results show that cost reductions can be obtained when applying the model-based optimization techniques proposed, and hint new opportunites for AOPs enhancement.

Author: Hirokazu Sugiyama
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086157
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 17

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Book Description
This study presents a business model of continuous improvement in pharmaceutical production processes. The model covers the lifecycle of an improvement, i.e. opportunity identification, project execution and change implementation, with considering various pharma-specific constraints such as GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice). The model is described as so-called an activity model using IDEF0 (Integrated DEFinition type 0) in order to define activities and sub-activities in a clear and consistent manner. A roll-defining model termed RACI (responsible, accountable, consulted and informed) is uniquely combined with the IDEF0 model, for characterizing roles of various stakeholders in each improvement step. The model was developed and applied in a new sterile drug product manufacturing facility of Roche in Kaiseraugst, Switzerland. In this start-up facility, a case study was performed for reducing losses of valuable biologics drug products with a continuous and organization-wide effort.

Author: Siyu Yang
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086475
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Book Description
A framework is proposed for sustainability study of coal based chemical and energy processes. Comprehensive analysis from efficiency, energy, economic, and environment perspectives. Process modelling, synthesis, and life cycle analysis, are conducted. Based on these multi-layer analyses, optimization is applied to explore for new process innovation and existing process modification. The analysis is illustrated with two case studies. The first case is the coal based methanol production process, which environmental impacts were investigated in a life cycle assessment. The second case is the co-production of electricity and methanol, in which key parameters are designed by mutual optimisation of energy efficiency and economic cost.

Author: Sabla Y. Alnouri
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086327
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Book Description
Reverse osmosis is the leading technology for seawater desalination. We have recently introduced a systematic two-step approach based on process network optimization techniques [1]. The methodology allows for a reliable and relatively quick determination of optimal process structures for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination systems, as well as for the analysis of trends across different design classes [1] for a given economic objective and typical design constraints. The approach was subsequently extended to address detailed water quality information as part of the process network synthesis, by developing simple but realistic membrane element models based on commercial simulators, in order to account for the rejection of individual seawater constituents throughout the temperature ranges of interest [2]. This enables the design for common product water specifications whilst capturing membrane-scaling issues. This work expands our previous efforts, and more specifically addresses the issue of boron removal, which is often a key challenge in SWRO design. RO membrane element models that allow for the tracing of individual constituents throughout the processing system, including boron, were developed and incorporated into the process network optimization problem formulation. The superstructure optimization formulations were also expanded so as to handle additional design decisions associated with Boron removal in SWRO process networks. This includes selecting suitable combinations for several options of membrane elements types listed by the ROSA membrane simulator (Dow), determining optimum pH conditions required for these membrane element choices, and acid/base dosing adjustments required. The approach has been illustrated with a case study that involves seawater qualities with salinities ranging from 35 to 50 ppt. The results highlight the variation in optimal designs depending on the given feed water quality, the desired salinity removal and the acceptable boron level in the permeate stream.

Author: T. Coenen
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128086378
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 19

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Book Description
This paper studies the optimization of photochemical reactors for the production of hy-droxyl radicals which can be used in advanced oxidation processes for water purification. Minimization of the energy cost of the applied UV-lamp(s) is possible via a modelbased optimization of the reactor geometry. To this end, 2D reactor models are first built taking into account balance equations, reaction kinetics, reactor geometry and radiation intensity. Two tubular reactor configurations with cylinder-shaped UV-lamps are studied: a single-lamp reactor with only one lamp located at the reactor axis and a multi-lamp reactor in which the lamps are positioned symmetrically in a circular pattern. Afterwards well-posed optimization problems are formulated. For given values of the reactor volume, the flow of water to be treated and the radiation power of the UV-lamps, the aim is to minimize the average concentration of an organic pollutant at the reactor outlet. For the single-lamp reactor the optimal reactor diameter is computed, while for the multi-lamp reactor the optimal location of the lamps in the radial direction is calculated. From the results, it follows that an optimal reactor diameter (and length) exists for the single-lamp reactor (and for the multi-lamp reactor). For the multi-lamp reactor, an optimal lamp position exists. It has been shown that for the latter reactor an optimal number of lamps exists, trading off an improved radiation intensity uniformity and a decreased radiation penetration due to a lower radiation power per lamp.

Author: Bjørn Austbø
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085738
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 17

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Book Description
Liquefaction of natural gas requires energy intensive refrigeration. A fair comparison of different process concepts and energy efficient designs requires some use of optimization. In near optimal designs, the driving forces in heat transfer are small. Thus, rigorous thermodynamics providing accurate and reliable temperature profiles must be applied for the solution to have a practical value. Owing to the characteristics of the process and the thermodynamics, the optimization problem is non-convex. Furthermore, the optimal solution is expected to be located close to the boundary of the feasible region, suggesting the importance of constraint handling. In this paper, a single-mixed refrigerant process (PRICO®) has been optimized using adaptive simulated annealing. A constraint handling method utilizing process characteristics is proposed and compared with static penalty function formulations. The results indicate the importance of constraint handling, and the best solution found exceeds previously published results.

Author: Tetsuo Fuchino
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128085991
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Book Description
The technology of a company is represented by its technology standards, and their exhaustiveness and consistency are important for competitiveness of the company. We have developed the systematized business process model for plant maintenance as IDEF0 (Integration Definition for Function) activity model, and the requirements of technology standards have been defined. In this study, framework to generate engineering standards is proposed. The requirements for engineering standards are analyzed on the basis of the developed IDEF0 model, and two types of standards are found to be necessary for each required engineering standard. From the property of these standards, IDEF0 activity model to generate engineering standards is developed.